tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-31845403890537418332024-03-04T20:12:17.745-08:00CantoBlog畀心機學廣東話!Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger11125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-64482054257045099312023-01-20T04:34:00.000-08:002023-01-20T04:34:37.075-08:00How to add Jyutping/Yale Cantonese input to iOS<p>Starting with iOS 16, iOS devices have had the option for phonetic input of Cantonese. It's a bit of a fuzzy system, allowing for both Jyutping and Yale input, and that makes it accessible to a wide base of users. If you're not quite sure how to enable this extra Cantonese keyboard, then read on below.</p><p>First, go to your iOS device's setting and tap "General."</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgh1uaCBtEoDgT3A5Igc2ZTG1jY9K5QgDJaVSPTPD1i7W8Y8xgwvRAoZ67SGbfLCxmc8C6QaCt1IQG9PetEe1f58ElUc1U1Alsp52WsdmV2ffVg-vgHP1PN5BWK1ze3GaGCrkZPW8yQ1p9iVkPkQVh82ePEcoV1hwZ2PqCgI-ZgphRmKc7DxPAENbeH2A" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1920" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgh1uaCBtEoDgT3A5Igc2ZTG1jY9K5QgDJaVSPTPD1i7W8Y8xgwvRAoZ67SGbfLCxmc8C6QaCt1IQG9PetEe1f58ElUc1U1Alsp52WsdmV2ffVg-vgHP1PN5BWK1ze3GaGCrkZPW8yQ1p9iVkPkQVh82ePEcoV1hwZ2PqCgI-ZgphRmKc7DxPAENbeH2A=w188-h320" width="188" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Then tap "Keyboard."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhfIkEc5WpTS6PZoOq2PhJuMPJkAS70hwEgOMFCjFUftkw_r5L6mAZIM25NOHCXYlLr7G0z8jpGDkMkc9L8E5AWKh7i57IboWf2k9L6HOp09KjEAFngisZqadhCRmBRYWWnypKPfSREgxmWPESd2vVge33tbRJKq0Ar-7VsZ9uc4BFgrB9J1w2o8N2wcg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2003" data-original-width="1119" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhfIkEc5WpTS6PZoOq2PhJuMPJkAS70hwEgOMFCjFUftkw_r5L6mAZIM25NOHCXYlLr7G0z8jpGDkMkc9L8E5AWKh7i57IboWf2k9L6HOp09KjEAFngisZqadhCRmBRYWWnypKPfSREgxmWPESd2vVge33tbRJKq0Ar-7VsZ9uc4BFgrB9J1w2o8N2wcg=w179-h320" width="179" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Tap "Keyboards" at the top of the next screen.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgZB4eeqMDpZAZtnCDTtFk9E8A1MDbZbz8OmAkQpUJ_JKgmp7Tcq7er1abm5-M4g0PvVZP5vDc9eLmRTHoJ_fFCnMV5gcOtgCmD_ZEkjdiJVaUy3zXDXAYLj1md7IvXkYeXiVstfK4DeuTsBbcRUwq9ao7BWB-Mdg76i4ITYPHfDouuk5DZ5jXpKHBoEg"><img alt="" data-original-height="1252" data-original-width="1111" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEgZB4eeqMDpZAZtnCDTtFk9E8A1MDbZbz8OmAkQpUJ_JKgmp7Tcq7er1abm5-M4g0PvVZP5vDc9eLmRTHoJ_fFCnMV5gcOtgCmD_ZEkjdiJVaUy3zXDXAYLj1md7IvXkYeXiVstfK4DeuTsBbcRUwq9ao7BWB-Mdg76i4ITYPHfDouuk5DZ5jXpKHBoEg=w284-h320" width="284" /></a></div><br />The next screen might look a little different depending on how many keyboards you already have enabled. No matter what your list looks like, head for "Add New Keyboard..." at the bottom.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjSFwMvIVMKFLrSLz3fNAtHQbFfgiHtJSz6lECSWMFoHMnLUqoGOiMqIRBaPkdw8mZrVsxeahWCzd_iGhBs4EbdqaPX46GcOZG6emY0Tur7-rKi-vxXUXgswYhk1fmBI7qHqMno5dhjcKV26EMG6ROjoxHunZgk1eS-7fOKBWSCXKO1BPLgJjsQoFgupA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1689" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjSFwMvIVMKFLrSLz3fNAtHQbFfgiHtJSz6lECSWMFoHMnLUqoGOiMqIRBaPkdw8mZrVsxeahWCzd_iGhBs4EbdqaPX46GcOZG6emY0Tur7-rKi-vxXUXgswYhk1fmBI7qHqMno5dhjcKV26EMG6ROjoxHunZgk1eS-7fOKBWSCXKO1BPLgJjsQoFgupA=w213-h320" width="213" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Type in "Cantonese" at the search bar at the top and select the "Cantonese, Traditional" option that appears.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEho6qchhnjF1OnOAYvxNlTjKSnNmUWyKAY_-Ihw95ha-5AAqgFoyBVGE8QydqMk6TJDBPomrC5BbZaP83hlup6bSzyBZkc51pbLHjErsdbnsRVPPz_1gq6tEaYA3wn5p-P1sTXJTuICxnhVwnmoqgiLawxkeidJr5C9PKB0TFAuh4ucBhrBX4kFP88zXw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1017" data-original-width="1121" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEho6qchhnjF1OnOAYvxNlTjKSnNmUWyKAY_-Ihw95ha-5AAqgFoyBVGE8QydqMk6TJDBPomrC5BbZaP83hlup6bSzyBZkc51pbLHjErsdbnsRVPPz_1gq6tEaYA3wn5p-P1sTXJTuICxnhVwnmoqgiLawxkeidJr5C9PKB0TFAuh4ucBhrBX4kFP88zXw" width="265" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">On the next page, select "Phonetic." (If you want to handwrite characters and have iOS be more likely to suggest Cantonese-specific characters at the top of the writing pad, you can add the "Handwriting" keyboard).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjVJoVSRdOqjAJl3fIeQXsqrIXVnbA7WmxuuCy_bGu7XhxdyLGF779GBTWWbjKTuheF28vyDclWS1lL1vEcOXEosOcldBC5Gj-eAiosrqQU0EwARxst-qCDS9T_srYeKCZMkV9TsSqgmsweXxVGiVnP3_2EB3o3VtsPduKiJqD6E5fKldhSX-33Mggr0Q" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="1419" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjVJoVSRdOqjAJl3fIeQXsqrIXVnbA7WmxuuCy_bGu7XhxdyLGF779GBTWWbjKTuheF28vyDclWS1lL1vEcOXEosOcldBC5Gj-eAiosrqQU0EwARxst-qCDS9T_srYeKCZMkV9TsSqgmsweXxVGiVnP3_2EB3o3VtsPduKiJqD6E5fKldhSX-33Mggr0Q=w253-h320" width="253" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: left;">You should be all set up. If you want to test it out, go to any text field and hold down the globe icon at the bottom left of the keyboard and select "廣東話拼音."</div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi-HV8s6P8eAx90tnpEa5zdGODbULxkbZ7aNzHZysxWO_d63IL4lz3o03aghRHvadQ6PUlWk0UndMvcCk-7mIfcBd58-TuiGS4VGIg2xfivjs5A_0-nZ4iD25jTlBfLd_6HE93nkiHow7KCo8qEfYYWZ15NeHmvFfIJ6M7Ih19fv1WMnW0eaxNjdyN61A" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2089" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEi-HV8s6P8eAx90tnpEa5zdGODbULxkbZ7aNzHZysxWO_d63IL4lz3o03aghRHvadQ6PUlWk0UndMvcCk-7mIfcBd58-TuiGS4VGIg2xfivjs5A_0-nZ4iD25jTlBfLd_6HE93nkiHow7KCo8qEfYYWZ15NeHmvFfIJ6M7Ih19fv1WMnW0eaxNjdyN61A=w172-h320" width="172" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">You should now see Cantonese characters already appearing along the top of the keyboard. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhggNXc8a0JTX2k9Uwl8re6y6MZWAPHHTjXcn4sQuGufuEwkqkaI8twESMeh1KzQkqGk44Mt2Z8jaActEidjeqUoCblJFbdWh3uLwZ13_6BocBlFj0ptIw0VVls4KT1pH1nhNjJXlAfqvDnUhIoT5ZBZPU55ZF61JCyy-eF77629NAi-7hGgt4ZqXJxFA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2095" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhggNXc8a0JTX2k9Uwl8re6y6MZWAPHHTjXcn4sQuGufuEwkqkaI8twESMeh1KzQkqGk44Mt2Z8jaActEidjeqUoCblJFbdWh3uLwZ13_6BocBlFj0ptIw0VVls4KT1pH1nhNjJXlAfqvDnUhIoT5ZBZPU55ZF61JCyy-eF77629NAi-7hGgt4ZqXJxFA=w172-h320" width="172" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">If you start typing, you will get relevant prompts (and emoji!).</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjwHIlEO-7UZHQA-k2zdWNltD3Pthog3Bph3RvLeLeRzCN1GMBNzID9Peq0JY5FIjiLlr4QH3jpK2NncbzHjwd4zB77U7h5v1dVB07_a7qkdUTq5_Di3oT4QvEE1ZgLHF3rMo0wmTq5Ns3kN3A8oFR7hOWOd3i81tsrmLZImQBmQu5w2_6sZHXcjbw2Rg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2117" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjwHIlEO-7UZHQA-k2zdWNltD3Pthog3Bph3RvLeLeRzCN1GMBNzID9Peq0JY5FIjiLlr4QH3jpK2NncbzHjwd4zB77U7h5v1dVB07_a7qkdUTq5_Di3oT4QvEE1ZgLHF3rMo0wmTq5Ns3kN3A8oFR7hOWOd3i81tsrmLZImQBmQu5w2_6sZHXcjbw2Rg=w171-h320" width="171" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjiyEm24BcXpvScljrlLgeKif4ZH7_g82JiZ5tjuqykSNxQyKyq42tt5CE9iH1sdkyu8ICqVavDso8UmS5eA4YtrLmFNA94gxJrO2qRp0KbyQPnwcZ6jkVefeyXzb2ySPaDdK9dTNfRwB33GJWeDt4ykkQNppP44e7ygV6l8CkfPpMVExWzZLpCr0FNTw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2129" data-original-width="1125" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjiyEm24BcXpvScljrlLgeKif4ZH7_g82JiZ5tjuqykSNxQyKyq42tt5CE9iH1sdkyu8ICqVavDso8UmS5eA4YtrLmFNA94gxJrO2qRp0KbyQPnwcZ6jkVefeyXzb2ySPaDdK9dTNfRwB33GJWeDt4ykkQNppP44e7ygV6l8CkfPpMVExWzZLpCr0FNTw=w169-h320" width="169" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">I've experiment with both the Jyutping and Yale systems in this keyboard, and both worked pretty well. However, note that for Yale, you shouldn't need to add the extra "h" after a vowel for a low tone; when I did that, it got confused and started suggesting strings of characters that I did not want. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Now enjoy all that phonetic practice with Cantonese!</div><br /><br /></div><br /><br /></div><br /></div><br /></div><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><br /><br /><br /></div><br /><br /></div><p></p><p><br /><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-29844303805294211362022-10-13T12:01:00.001-07:002022-10-14T07:31:45.507-07:00How to make Pleco into a Cantonese power tool<h3><br /></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">What is Pleco?</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.pleco.com/">Pleco</a> is an essential app for studying Chinese. It includes dictionary, document-reading, and flashcard functionalities. And given that it's available for both iOS and Android, it's much easier to lug around than《汉语大辞典》 or the like. (Though you can download 《汉语大辞典》 within Pleco and then you'll never be without it)</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>Most</i> Pleco users are probably using it to study Mandarin (or English). However, Pleco is also equipped with excellent Cantonese functionality. This article walks you through how to get the most out of it, from customizing your Cantonese dictionaries to making it a Cantonese flashcard machine.</span></div>
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Enable Cantonese on Pleco</span></h2>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The first thing you need to do is make sure that Cantonese appears in the first place. From the main dictionary screen, tap the hamburger menu in the top left (it looks like ☰) and tap through <b>Settings </b>followed by <b>Languages and Texts.</b></span><br />
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<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi98fgm-dBEJwzd-BTT77oRcHpyy8DV07axHo6JhCA4-5IZQTRaT1c9o3obxZHOFGg94YeFnkUGx0a7Nux8SfrQ5jSU5UPDLN7eK7VwbOY4M3Jp1xi-Yz0-pbMUL_0C57vfGMCnaQliSMpf/s1600/settings.jpg"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi98fgm-dBEJwzd-BTT77oRcHpyy8DV07axHo6JhCA4-5IZQTRaT1c9o3obxZHOFGg94YeFnkUGx0a7Nux8SfrQ5jSU5UPDLN7eK7VwbOY4M3Jp1xi-Yz0-pbMUL_0C57vfGMCnaQliSMpf/s320/settings.jpg" width="163" /></span></a></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsH-2Eu2JcGkhSEv-yn20IgZaqrBVhTiMAMIBGS1wu5YKCXlY_rJkorH7PA6GjyYUVe5peJ05hdldg_sdEbteQ8wda-slDTmFIseXadBCBMC87fSiAI36C6Ysz37L2NQWPnuBuTqC1D6LO/s1600/languages.jpg"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsH-2Eu2JcGkhSEv-yn20IgZaqrBVhTiMAMIBGS1wu5YKCXlY_rJkorH7PA6GjyYUVe5peJ05hdldg_sdEbteQ8wda-slDTmFIseXadBCBMC87fSiAI36C6Ysz37L2NQWPnuBuTqC1D6LO/s320/languages.jpg" width="164" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Next, scroll down to the <b>CANTONESE </b>heading.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2PzCvzZu1MEn8YHzxv_Io6f_NdXdWUkreCczpw0ae0ZZNniyRFD1jF7MnGe5Un9S-c8kqUtOkqaNDqjbN7iWENmou8FYjSRlRhe92_uCChyfxrNpiPt_DzEnSHVGhHOJIQN-9-GGXg4_R/s1600/canto.jpg"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2PzCvzZu1MEn8YHzxv_Io6f_NdXdWUkreCczpw0ae0ZZNniyRFD1jF7MnGe5Un9S-c8kqUtOkqaNDqjbN7iWENmou8FYjSRlRhe92_uCChyfxrNpiPt_DzEnSHVGhHOJIQN-9-GGXg4_R/s320/canto.jpg" width="170" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">There are four settings to pay attention to here:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Show Cantonese</b>: make sure this is toggled to the right (as in the picture above) so that Cantonese appears in the dictionary</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Enable Search</b>: If you want to be able to search by Cantonese romanization in the search field, then make sure this is also toggled to the right. Otherwise, you will only be able to search by English, Mandarin pinyin, or character.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Phonetic system</b>: Tap on this to see your romanization options. I personally use Yale romanization system, as many of my study materials (from CUHK) use this system. However, some people prefer Jyutping. You can also decide whether you want numbers or tones marks (see below)</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7emY1bXgUOaT5Rixkc_Dq9-_fKmPlfuXzq1g745ZTs_m8nmSLljJZw2Hjd9SbEAYLH0TNqoSyyErbBk1bI7KYASvEimmcHmuiVNYDAX_2y9CEtOf2o1yPfFT87BAmKBQ94xmpIIP0AzUU/s1600/phonetic.jpg"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7emY1bXgUOaT5Rixkc_Dq9-_fKmPlfuXzq1g745ZTs_m8nmSLljJZw2Hjd9SbEAYLH0TNqoSyyErbBk1bI7KYASvEimmcHmuiVNYDAX_2y9CEtOf2o1yPfFT87BAmKBQ94xmpIIP0AzUU/s320/phonetic.jpg" width="166" /></a></span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Auto-generate if missing</b>: Toggle this to the right if you want Pleco to automatically generate Cantonese romanization if it is missing from a given dictionary. I personally don't use this, as I downloaded all the optional Cantonese dictionaries in Pleco (see below), and those tend to be more accurate than auto-generated text. </span></li>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Once you've set up Cantonese to display, your dictionary entries should look something like this:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcOIrnvT4ZzO2w60ZLGvlZbGI1fCeuQe02FMIoo4sV03b0-TDhs6D6j1e3vbxMUX8sHfp76ONhbtLq1tuYpp1K9V4Lu7HkdbBd9Nnv1zEJVO2Or7d6CBLEVYIA2z7vwYkOyJfJJYIHZjXA/s1600/entry.jpg"><img border="0" height="121" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcOIrnvT4ZzO2w60ZLGvlZbGI1fCeuQe02FMIoo4sV03b0-TDhs6D6j1e3vbxMUX8sHfp76ONhbtLq1tuYpp1K9V4Lu7HkdbBd9Nnv1zEJVO2Or7d6CBLEVYIA2z7vwYkOyJfJJYIHZjXA/s320/entry.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Here, "PY" stands for Mandarin pinyin, while "YL" stands for Yale Cantonese romanization. If you tap the little audio logo to the left of either one, you should get separate pronunciations, one in Mandarin and the other in Cantonese. Note that if you don't like the voices generated by your device, you can purchase additional Chinese voices in the "Add-Ons" area (see below).</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
Add additional dictionaries</span></h2>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Just as Pleco offers a variety of specialized dictionaries for Mandarins learners of various language backgrounds and research interests, it also offers specific Cantonese dictionaries. I highly recommend that you download a few of these, as they tend to offer different strengths and weaknesses. Some are free, others are not; you'll have to check Pleco to see what the current prices are. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">To access the dictionary purchase functionality, follow the these steps:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Go to <b>Add-Ons.</b></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-auxc3U3g-Fzl84i-pSLPeeEv6W9Hfolpfa3KlAGq_iYmR4hMFoI6UF6ByTaaDnsP71uV6QztxnvFxLfQHh6oLI6cw9p8I80OWUW3KjnX6ijc9jfLMaLlhp06FkWHuXK_kTOxWFoSsVOm/s1600/addons.jpg"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-auxc3U3g-Fzl84i-pSLPeeEv6W9Hfolpfa3KlAGq_iYmR4hMFoI6UF6ByTaaDnsP71uV6QztxnvFxLfQHh6oLI6cw9p8I80OWUW3KjnX6ijc9jfLMaLlhp06FkWHuXK_kTOxWFoSsVOm/s320/addons.jpg" width="164" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Then tap <b>Dictionaries.</b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyKP0CCyMpVH_lDDY4Bm5qp2ccxRE3fIltRrIeVmZZ7fHTRpRSkNIkDpO0awgtzSbaaYqYewW7PbbXkE5I594D0aKq8ipNeXcpHSVRgKTe942ML7wKbLO25JxQSRcN2oVuPPP3Ezfb4DXV/s1600/dict.jpg"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyKP0CCyMpVH_lDDY4Bm5qp2ccxRE3fIltRrIeVmZZ7fHTRpRSkNIkDpO0awgtzSbaaYqYewW7PbbXkE5I594D0aKq8ipNeXcpHSVRgKTe942ML7wKbLO25JxQSRcN2oVuPPP3Ezfb4DXV/s320/dict.jpg" width="164" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Next, go to <b>Other Languages</b>.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh7xaTl1glfwotwS_JwGCk2IRknbcskKo_KrXTYK5Ng72Ne0mrJ3uzKl8IGmgLaZDa5wOogydF5TqjyNov3tMG70y4dXyRZKZAX9MsOO0OWO8pfsRTFRHzgyL_1xqHqe5zqHImMbyriItu/s1600/otherlang.jpg"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh7xaTl1glfwotwS_JwGCk2IRknbcskKo_KrXTYK5Ng72Ne0mrJ3uzKl8IGmgLaZDa5wOogydF5TqjyNov3tMG70y4dXyRZKZAX9MsOO0OWO8pfsRTFRHzgyL_1xqHqe5zqHImMbyriItu/s320/otherlang.jpg" width="169" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Depending on whether you have made purchases or not in the past, you should see a list of dictionaries beneath the <b>CANTONESE</b> heading with prices next to them. I can't vouch for the pricing at any given time, but I can give you my take on how useful each one is. If you are really interested in studying Cantonese, I think it's worth getting them all, but if you have more specialized interests, then some dictionaries will serve you better than others. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">ABC Cantonese Dictionary (ABY)</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">With 16,000 Cantonese words/phrases, there's a lot of valuable material here. The 15,000 context sentences in this dictionary are rich and colorful (though sometimes to a fault; someone was having a little too much fun writing dictionary sentences about gangsters streetwalkers). However, if you're a fan of Hong Kong films (especially from the 80s and 90s), many of the colloquial turns of phrase in this dictionary will make it easier to go beyond the subtitles and get a feel for the flavor of Cantonese as it has been spoken in Hong Kong in recent decades.</span><br />
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Guangzhouhua FangyanCidian (GZH)</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">With 8,000 defined terms and 7,000 phrase/sentence-level examples, this dictionary is only useful if you already know Mandarin. If you look up a character or words, it gives you the definition in Mandarin. What's perhaps even more useful is the parallel sentences it gives in Mandarin and Cantonese that tease out the fine differences in usage between the two languages. If you are coming to Cantonese from Mandarin, then this is probably an excellent place for your to start. </span><br />
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Guangzhou-Putonghua Cidian (GZP)</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This dictionary is very similar to the one above (GZH) in that it outlines the differences between Cantonese and Mandarin, except it has more entries (10,000) and examples (18,000). In fact, both dictionaries are from the same publisher (Commercial Press HK), but the overlapping entries are not always the same. I've noticed that where GZH almost always gives parallel sentence-level examples in Mandarin and Cantonese, GZP only sometimes offers that information; instead, GZP will often define a word in written Mandarin before listing a series of phrases in Cantonese that use that word, but not necessarily with a Mandarin equivalent. I also find some of the supposed Cantonese usages to be a bit formal (e.g. when demonstrating 愛 as meaning 喜歡 in some situations, it offers up 愛看電影 instead of 愛睇戲), so make sure to cross-reference these examples against other dictionaries. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
The Right Word in Cantonese (RWC)</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Whereas the other dictionaries in this group tend to work Cantonese --> English or Cantonese--> Mandarin, this one is actually meant to be searched English --> to Cantonese. Its offerings are modest—only 6,500 entries—but they are quite useful if you are indeed looking for "the right word" or phrase in Cantonese. Not sure how to express "as soon as possible?" Try 盡快. Or maybe planning a trip to "Deep Water Bay?" 深水灣.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
CC-Canto Cantonese-English Dict (CCY)</span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Based on a project over at <a href="http://cantonese.org/">Cantonese.org</a>, this dictionary with over 25,000 entries is free and open source. If you download Pleco, then you really have no reason not to download this (unless you're running out of space, in which case go delete something else). This dictionary fills a lot of gaps and makes sure to point out when a common character/word has a different meaning in Cantonese than in Mandarin. However, the definitions are quite basic, and it doesn't offer as much in the way of context sentences as other dictionaries. Since Cantonese sometimes has different syntax from Mandarin, I think it's wise to at least download one dictionary that does have more context sentences. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
Words.HK Cantonese Dictionary (WHK)</span></h4>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This dictionary is also based on a major linguistic undertaking, this one based over at <a href="http://words.hk/">Words.hk</a>. If you're curious about the social context surrounding Cantonese preservation in Hong Kong, you can read more about the project in <i><a href="https://www.scmp.com/lifestyle/families/article/1583037/cantonese-or-putonghua-schools-hongkongers-fear-culture-and">SCMP</a></i>. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Essentially, the makers are trying to make the first digital Cantonese-Cantonese dictionary, meaning words are defined in colloquial Cantonese rather than in written standard Chinese (which is how most existing Chinese-language Cantonese dictionaries approach the matter). The ample amount of Cantonese text makes this resource great for practicing Cantonese reading. Furthermore, it includes English translations of the definitions and ample context sentences. I love this tool, and I think most Cantonese learners can get a lot out of it. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">
Make the most of your studying with Pleco flashcards</span></h2>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Once you've looked up all this new Cantonese vocabulary, you'll certainly want to review it. Pleco offers a flashcard functionality bundle (just go back to the Add-Ons section you went to to find the Cantonese dictionaries). Pleco also has <a href="http://iphone.pleco.com/manual/30200/flashtut.html">a great tutorial for this</a>. You can quiz yourself in a variety of ways, including fill-in-the-blank (character or romanization), tone practice, stroke order, and multiple choice. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">If you decide to experiment with Pleco's Cantonese functionality after reading this post, please let me know how it goes!</span></div><div><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>BONUS: Change the color scheme of tones to reflect Cantonese pronunciation</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Have you ever noticed how Pleco uses different colors with different characters in the dictionary entry heading? It's actually another visual mnemonic to help with the memorization of tones. Pleco's default color scheme maps to Mandarin--red for tone 1, green for tone 2, blue for tone 3, and purple for tone 4--but there is also a way to change it to map to Cantonese tones (or change the default Mandarin color scheme). Thus, you can from this....</span></div><div><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEielbM3ZGnwx3JxL8VUXv7xMb--bjW5TCwVHo0bKovgo3512K9rNXD8OCpvVLuj-TS_otSURwvXJ1trZK3ukO1TTwz_yEB2yWdyRjI_c5lDxkNc5ShCLbefuEQd1KztHbcP7lLcZdwtMUbIH2djslq1faib2yGkyg6i6PCP2FvQ6vF_r5AGIrLIi8uWVQ" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2085" data-original-width="1125" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEielbM3ZGnwx3JxL8VUXv7xMb--bjW5TCwVHo0bKovgo3512K9rNXD8OCpvVLuj-TS_otSURwvXJ1trZK3ukO1TTwz_yEB2yWdyRjI_c5lDxkNc5ShCLbefuEQd1KztHbcP7lLcZdwtMUbIH2djslq1faib2yGkyg6i6PCP2FvQ6vF_r5AGIrLIi8uWVQ" width="129" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">...to this!</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiZLRlgv5v6cO5XEU9saCunkF6sFRUsyuisrbDUTRjhGLGxxvdMeFq-PmDNyB6OVI0bMFSJOoCZ6DUfs1nvCmjRvPORTY3FlrIybP-tqUqDM9GqtPoq1IiV5TsGKttw75Ye07_SRx7uOWojstHrcmOW7QsCNGt1euPN-8XsPsC8vxaZg9V6b9x1HoHgOA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2088" data-original-width="1125" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiZLRlgv5v6cO5XEU9saCunkF6sFRUsyuisrbDUTRjhGLGxxvdMeFq-PmDNyB6OVI0bMFSJOoCZ6DUfs1nvCmjRvPORTY3FlrIybP-tqUqDM9GqtPoq1IiV5TsGKttw75Ye07_SRx7uOWojstHrcmOW7QsCNGt1euPN-8XsPsC8vxaZg9V6b9x1HoHgOA" width="129" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Changing colors is very simple. First, go back to "Settings":</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj1aVTtC5syv_FTXjg6Nq9mHqae6W_8rHU3isSL6aMpOEd7OJvQgef0QRa2H9QwoqW_Evs-t96-8mYZJ6fg5A6QltjNfYEUs5rDHB15hnqz2kPoqXmzlgnWuCbt10XhvIMN8eAjPBGXYKj-AeoI4jY71tmtrKt6iPyrZB7hy6RM1noPMalI32ZFmlp-Dw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2184" data-original-width="1125" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj1aVTtC5syv_FTXjg6Nq9mHqae6W_8rHU3isSL6aMpOEd7OJvQgef0QRa2H9QwoqW_Evs-t96-8mYZJ6fg5A6QltjNfYEUs5rDHB15hnqz2kPoqXmzlgnWuCbt10XhvIMN8eAjPBGXYKj-AeoI4jY71tmtrKt6iPyrZB7hy6RM1noPMalI32ZFmlp-Dw" width="124" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Tap "Colors":</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjxSKK-KUgUC8z5bwHZC9y44rjdsnrZRyHcDguCTBaDZxBaw7wyMzp6aFUtP6-FScCmiAAktIcKIqp0yIIbzebmpsylujbPKaiT6F1rB-V07SJrXdwL15pscz399C8Fx6dSfxZ2EkK9lf3PTaC7C4DMjxMWZ55K07Uoytjb3gviqiN-icl7MYddXUJhgQ" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2151" data-original-width="1125" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEjxSKK-KUgUC8z5bwHZC9y44rjdsnrZRyHcDguCTBaDZxBaw7wyMzp6aFUtP6-FScCmiAAktIcKIqp0yIIbzebmpsylujbPKaiT6F1rB-V07SJrXdwL15pscz399C8Fx6dSfxZ2EkK9lf3PTaC7C4DMjxMWZ55K07Uoytjb3gviqiN-icl7MYddXUJhgQ" width="126" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Next, toggle the "Use Cantonese tones" option. That will change the colors for just the characters, but if you want the romanization (i.e. Jyutping) to show up in different colors as well, tap the "Color pronunciation by tone" just beneath it. And to see what colors you will be working with, tap "Configure tone colors."</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj8XVclkc_aOOVfrOiRkOS97NS_NusRi70FhqPVrUz0odHWjH9bZFivWdjMdNqylxHfggB-F8x3lKiLsCdKBqeulFZgByk2gnkm0GakudoPUegvcrdukzd7ly3XtxnQ6OkoDLHUCL1duIrK_PjcThq0wjsVFk4perGU-CQGGaHQfcr2gjsDt36XcDJ-JQ" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2091" data-original-width="1125" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj8XVclkc_aOOVfrOiRkOS97NS_NusRi70FhqPVrUz0odHWjH9bZFivWdjMdNqylxHfggB-F8x3lKiLsCdKBqeulFZgByk2gnkm0GakudoPUegvcrdukzd7ly3XtxnQ6OkoDLHUCL1duIrK_PjcThq0wjsVFk4perGU-CQGGaHQfcr2gjsDt36XcDJ-JQ" width="129" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One of the cool things about the Pleco defaults is that they correspond with similar tone types. Thus, flat tones (1, 3, and 6) are on the blue-purple spectrum, rising tones are shades of green (2, 5), and the one falling tone (4) is magenta/pink. Note also that the shades get darker the lower the tone's relative pitch. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhRrQiNQAE7MfnE8OCeczHjVLcwF-K1DPFQjd3fVqyMyjcX45u93c64nMOBuhW1mcyybLVzXz73VhyQt23rv6ssFKHhk4hFqnzNGIWYUPWx82TgtyNSSHhPiuTSwVGZ49buACA04UBYQ1-ZEJ4Arq12RkfZBke5AhzEacc070EtFc-e3Z7OgKSZQZhCBg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="2134" data-original-width="1125" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhRrQiNQAE7MfnE8OCeczHjVLcwF-K1DPFQjd3fVqyMyjcX45u93c64nMOBuhW1mcyybLVzXz73VhyQt23rv6ssFKHhk4hFqnzNGIWYUPWx82TgtyNSSHhPiuTSwVGZ49buACA04UBYQ1-ZEJ4Arq12RkfZBke5AhzEacc070EtFc-e3Z7OgKSZQZhCBg" width="127" /></a></div><br /><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">This can be a great tool for people who strongly correlate color and sound, but of course, the presets might not work for some folks, so you can always tap the color icons on the right to change the defaults.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">Also, note that there are sometimes hiccups with the tone colors, particularly in idiomatic instances where a 4th tone character shifts to a rising tone in the context of certain words (e.g. 人 "jan4" becomes "jan2" in 男人). The top of the dictionary entry shows both characters as pink, but once I tap it, the WHK dictionary inside reminds me that it is pronounced "naam4 jan2." However, it has separate entries for 賊 as light green when it appears colloquially as a standalone word ("caak2") but dark purple for its literary reading ("caak6"), as well as in compounds (e.g. 賊人 "caak6 jan4"). This comes down to what dictionaries you have installed and how your romanization is configured. When in doubt, double-check the actual Cantonese dictionary entries for a given word. </div></div></div></div></div></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-9388531005602798452021-01-02T15:22:00.002-08:002021-01-02T23:30:46.773-08:00 How to start learning Cantonese after learning Mandarin<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This guide is for people who have previously studied
Mandarin and are looking for resources to learn Cantonese. If you have no
previous experience with a Chinese language and want to start with Cantonese,
you can find a more relevant guide <a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2019/12/how-to-start-learning-cantonese-beginner.html">here</a>.
Mandarin speakers with a shakier grasp of Chinese characters and grammar may
prefer that guide, as this guide assumes you want to learn Cantonese <i>through</i>
Mandarin (as opposed to through English). Explanatory notes in most of the
books mentioned here are generally in Chinese (simplified or traditional
characters, depending on the place of publication).</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">When coming to Cantonese after Mandarin, the main thing to
be aware of is that the two are mutually unintelligible languages. While you can sometimes
get away with using Mandarin vocabulary with a Cantonese pronunciation, you
will often come off as overly formal. Common verbs frequently differ from
Mandarin (like <span lang="ZH-TW">搵</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"> instead of </span><span lang="ZH-TW">找</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">), and grammar and
syntax are not exactly the same (e.g., direct and indirect objects appear in opposite
order). <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The best learning
materials for you are probably the ones that explicitly address those
differences. To that end, I’ve listed helpful textbooks, dictionaries, apps and
websites, lesson centers, audio resources, and video resources that you might
consider using. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<h3>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Textbooks</span></b></h3>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Although these textbooks are written for Mandarin speakers,
they generally still use a romanization system to show how characters are
pronounced. These romanization systems (usually Jyutping or Yale) are a bit
different from Mandarin pinyin, though Yale is the closer of the two options,
so I would opt for that if you want to minimize confusion. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<h4>
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.cp1897.com.hk/product_info.php?BookId=9789620719141"><span lang="ZH-TW">《粵語速成</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span><span lang="ZH-TW">初級教材》</span>, <span lang="ZH-TW">香港中文大學雅禮中國語文研習所</span></a></span></span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Publisher: </span><span lang="ZH-TW">商務印書館</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW">香港</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW">有限公司</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Date of most recent edition: 2010<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Audio: CDs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This is the textbook series I used in classes at CUHK (the
link goes to the first of three books in a series). Dialogues are presented in both
Cantonese and Mandarin, and the grammar points tend to focus on explicit differences
between the two languages. As the books advance, they also teach you patterns
in pronunciation shifts between Mandarin and Cantonese. Overall, a solid
series. The first book also includes English translations of the vocabulary,
but the later books in the series do not. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4 style="mso-line-height-alt: 11.25pt;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><a href="http://green-woodpress.com/products_detail.php?id=16">Cantonese
in Hong Kong<span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">, by </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri;">Kwok-kin Chan and
Chung-mou Si</span></a></span></span></h4>
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<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Publishers:
Greenwood Press<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Date of most recent
edition: 2005<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Audio: CDs<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This book includes
explanations for Cantonese words and grammar in both English and Mandarin,
making it very accessible for English speakers who also know Mandarin. Chapters
are themed around specific tasks (“Asking for directions”) or locations (“Pacific
Place,” “Macau,” etc.). One major flaw to be aware of, however, is that it
still includes the high falling tone, which has mostly disappeared in contemporary
Hong Kong Cantonese except in specific idiomatic circumstances; you should read
the words marked in the book with the high falling tone as high level tones
instead. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<h3>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dictionaries</b></span></h3>
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<br /></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.pleco.com/">Pleco (App)</a></span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Developer: Pleco Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Most recent edition: Regularly updated<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale or Jyutping <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Pleco is <i>must</i> for anyone studying Mandarin or
Cantonese. It’s a free app for iOS and Android that you can easily customize by
downloading the dictionaries you want (some paid). For a detailed explanation
of which dictionaries to download and how to configure Cantonese to appear, check
out the CantoBlog guide <a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2019/11/how-to-make-pleco-into-cantonese-power.html">here</a>.
I especially recommend downloading Guangzhou-Putonghua Cidian (GZP) and Guangzhouhua
FangyanCidian (GZH), as they provide ample comparisons between differing Mandarin
and Cantonese usages of specific characters or words.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<h4>
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.cp1897.com.hk/product_info.php?BookId=9789620703799"><span lang="ZH-TW">《廣州話普通話同形詞對比詞典》</span>,
<span lang="ZH-TW">周無忌</span>, <span lang="ZH-TW">饒秉才</span>, <span lang="ZH-TW">歐陽覺亞</span></a></span></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Publisher: </span><span lang="ZH-TW">商務印書館</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW">香港</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW">有限公司</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Most recent
edition: 2015<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Weird
hybrid of Jyutping and phonetic alphabet<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This dictionary
explains the similarities and differences in usage of words that are comprised
of the same characters in both Mandarin and Cantonese. It also offers
alternative words in Cantonese for shared words with Mandarin that might sound
formal if used in Cantonese in that form. Entries include context sentences. All
entries are written in standard written Chinese in traditional characters, so
your reading level needs to be fairly high in order to get much use out of the book.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.cp1897.com.hk/product_info.php?BookId=9789620705298"><span lang="ZH-TW">《廣州話方言字字典》</span>,
<span lang="ZH-TW">周無忌</span>, <span lang="ZH-TW">饒秉才</span>, <span lang="ZH-TW">歐陽覺亞</span></a></span></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Publisher: </span><span lang="ZH-TW">商務印書館</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">(</span><span lang="ZH-TW">香港</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">)</span><span lang="ZH-TW">有限公司</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Most recent
edition: 2019<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Weird
hybrid of Jyutping and phonetic alphabet<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">This is a
relatively new but important dictionary. It defines Cantonese-specific
characters (e.g. </span><span lang="ZH-TW">啱</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">, </span><span lang="ZH-TW">喺</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">, etc.) in standard
written Chinese, and sometimes provides a colloquial Mandarin equivalent. If
your goal is to also become literate in written Cantonese, this book is a huge
help.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Apps and websites</span></b></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.pleco.com/">Pleco</a></span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(See the entry above under “Dictionaries” for more details,
or go the CantoBlog guide to Pleco <a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2019/11/how-to-make-pleco-into-cantonese-power.html">here</a>.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://apps.apple.com/hk/app/quiz-cantonese-kids-game/id684759191?l=en">Quiz
- Cantonese Kids Game</a></span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Developer: iAppsTeam<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Platform: iOS<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: None<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This app is pretty simple. While aimed at children, it is a
great way for beginning students to learn basic vocabulary like numbers,
animals, and colors. Audio is offered in both Mandarin and Cantonese, meaning
there is ample opportunity for aural reinforcement. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.howtostudycantonese.com/">How to Study
Cantonese – Storybooks</a></span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Developer: How to Study Cantonese<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Platform: Any device that can handle Epub file format<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale and Jyutping<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">How to Study Cantonese is a digital publishing house that
creates picture books written in colloquial Cantonese. The prices are a bit
steep given how short the texts are, but they come with Chinese characters, both
Jyutping and Yale romanization, English translations, and audio recordings. Since
you already know Chinese characters, these books offer a way to expose yourself
to slightly longer texts written in Cantonese rather than Mandarin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.italki.com/">italki</a></span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Developer: italki<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Platform: Android, iOS, Desktop<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Many<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">italki is a platform for finding private language tutors with
whom you can take electronic lessons. You buy credits through the app and spend
them on your tutor(s) of choice. Reviewers note a variety of experiences, so it
really comes down to what sort of tutor you find. I’ve noticed tutors on the platform
who are fluent in both Mandarin and Cantonese, so you should probably search
for one of them.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lesson centers</b></span></h3>
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<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">University language programs in Hong Kong</span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Because many mainland Chinese move to Hong Kong, there is relatively
high demand for Cantonese lessons taught in Mandarin. I took some of these
courses through the Yale-China Chinese Language Center at CUHK and found them
to be incredibly helpful. Some of these programs are offered at night or on
weekends, while others require that you enroll full time as a student.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.facebook.com/CLCCUHK">Yale-China
Chinese Language Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="http://www.chinese.hku.hk/main/chinese-language-centre/">Hong Kong
University</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://hkuspace.hku.hk/humanities-languages-law/chinese">Hong Kong
University School of Professional and Continuing Studies</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">University language programs in North America</span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The following universities have offered Cantonese courses
for Mandarin speakers in the past. You’ll need to check which courses are open
to community members vs. enrolled students only. Also, course change
frequently, so check back each year.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://hksi.ubc.ca/cnto-courses/">The
University of British Columbia</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://sites.google.com/stanford.edu/cantonese/home?authuser=1">Stanford
University</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://easc.osu.edu/courses/language/chinese">Ohio State University</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h3>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Audio resources</b></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">To get your brain to recognize the sounds of Cantonese as
entirely distinct from Mandarin, I highly recommend using one of the below
radio apps. Occasionally, they’ll have interviews where one person is speaking
in Mandarin and one is speaking in Cantonese. These can be great exercise for
you, but also a little confusing. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2019/09/1-cantonese-listening-tool-rthk-on-go.html">RTHK</a>
<a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rthk-on-the-go/id371680815">iOS</a>/<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=hk.rthk.fwRTHK01&hl=en_US">Android</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Commercial Radio <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/hong-kong-toolbar/id463715309">iOS</a>/<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=cn.hktool.android.action">Android</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->D100 <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/d100-radio-hk/id588656311">iOS</a>/<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=hk.d100&hl=en_US">Android</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><b>Readers</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;">If you've already learned to read Mandarin, then learning to read Cantonese can feel like playing the slightly more difficult sequel to a video game you put in hours trying to beat. The biggest obstacle is learning a hosts of Cantonese-specific characters, as well as unfamiliar usages of characters you already know from Mandarin. Note that the writing of colloquial Cantonese in Hong Kong is usually reserved for specific platforms/genres, like social media posts, tabloid reporting, and internet novels. The following are a few books for practicing Cantonese reading, with some offering more guidance than others.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><ul><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><a href="http://www.green-woodpress.com/products_detail.php?id=84">Wedding Bells: Cantonese Reading Material for Intermediate and Advanced Learners</a></i></span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><a href="http://www.green-woodpress.com/products_detail.php?id=12">A Feng Shui Master: Learning Cantonese Through Stories</a></i></span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><a href="https://resonate.hk/">Resonate</a></i> (Hong Kong's first colloquial Cantonese literary magazine; no English, so more for advanced learners)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://lihkg.com/category/1">LIHKG</a> (sort of like HK reddit, this is great reading practice; some content is questionable, so be forewarned)</span></li></ul></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><h3><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;">Slang </span></h3><div><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;">Once you have learned the basics of Cantonese grammar and vocabulary, you'll likely want to learn some slang. A lot of it is very different from Mandarin, though some of it actually migrated up north thanks to the popularity of Hong Kong pop culture in the 80s and 90s (e.g. 炒魷魚-->to get fired). While speaking with people is a great opportunity for learning these types of words and phrases (and also learning what slang has already become old-fashioned—Cantonese changes fast!), there are also some awesome books out there for giving you a leg up. These include:</span></div><div><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><ul><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://cup.cuhk.edu.hk/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=818&search=cantonese">Cantonese Colloquial Expressions 廣州話口語詞彙</a></span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://cup.cuhk.edu.hk/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=3611&search=cantonese">A Glossary of Common Cantonese Colloquial Expressions 英譯廣州話常用口語詞彙</a></span></li><li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.easternbooknyc.com/product-page/%E5%9C%96%E8%A7%A3%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1%E8%A9%B1">Cantonese.jpg 圖解廣東話</a></span></li><li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.green-woodpress.com/products_detail.php?id=120">Fun with Cantonese: Colloquial Expressions</a></span></li><li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://bookazine.com.hk/products/hong-kong-ng-interesting-canto-4">Interesting Cantonese 4: Slangs and Idioms</a></span></li></ul><div><br /></div></div></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Video resources</b></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Mandarin speakers who can read Chinese quickly should be
able to handle Cantonese videos with written Chinese subtitles. However, note
that the Chinese that appears comes in two distinct flavors: Standard Written
Chinese and written Cantonese. If it’s the former, you’re in luck—that’s
basically the same as Mandarin, and you’ll just have to code switch to figure
out which words overlap with Cantonese and where the Cantonese audio does
something completely different. If it’s written Cantonese, however, you might
find yourself confused. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">An example:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: <span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">Něih
haih bīn go ah?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Written Cantonese: <span lang="ZH-TW">你係邊個呀?</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Standard Written Chinese: <span lang="ZH-TW">你是誰?</span><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;">/ </span><span lang="ZH-CN">你是谁?</span><br />
English translation: Who are you?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Most recent DVDs, TV shows, and streaming sites will use
Standard Written Chinese subtitles. However, there are versions of Hong Kong
films from the 80s and 90s that have Cantonese subtitles, and even today many
kids films use written Cantonese. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->YouTube (various channels, but a few major ones
below)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHQoZ0_MHDXIgWeRvPTLTJw">Pomato <span lang="ZH-CN">小薯茄</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiJnCs2K5gP-DXnMxlstC9A"><span lang="ZH-CN">毛</span><span lang="ZH-TW">記電視</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqz7Q8gOavVi_ZiGHePvLug"><span lang="ZH-TW">視電台</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgSbuhAD48A7RxbvflQfdjQ"><span lang="ZH-TW">微辣</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span>Manner</a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.nextfilm.com.hk/"><span lang="ZH-CN">一丁目</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Great for local Hong Kong documentaries and
topical news<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.rthk.hk/tv">RTHK</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://viu.tv/">ViuTV</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.tvb.com/">TVB</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Foreign-based streaming platforms like Netflix, Amazon
Prime, and Crunchyroll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Just search for Cantonese films and TV shoes<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Mainland Chinese streaming sites like iQiyi, QQ
Video, Youku, or Bilibili<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--EndFragment--><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-41454349204344164252021-01-02T11:25:00.000-08:002021-01-02T23:16:27.037-08:00How to start learning Cantonese as a total beginner<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">This guide is meant to help anyone at the beginning of the
Cantonese learning process find the right resources for learning the language.
This assumes you have no previous experience with another Chinese language; <o:p></o:p>if you have previously studied Mandarin and want to study Cantonese through </span><span style="font-size: large;">Mandarin (as opposed to through English), you can find a separate guide geared toward your needs <a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2020/01/how-to-start-learning-cantonese-after.html">here</a>.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Cantonese is not an easy language to learn, but the process
is incredibly rewarding. In addition to giving you a completely different
access point to the cultures of Hong Kong, Macau, southern mainland China, and
Chinese diaspora communities, studying Cantonese is also great exercise for
your brain. It’s got six tones—depending on what you count as a “tone”—meaning
English speakers are forced to develop a different conception of how pitch
relates to meaning.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">There is no one path toward learning a language. It really
comes down to the individual needs of a learner, as well as where they live and
what they have access to. To that end, this guide is essentially a series
of<span> </span>lists of major resources aimed at
total beginners: Cantonese textbooks, dictionaries, apps and websites, study
centers, listening resources, and video resources. As time goes on, I will try
to review each of these resources more thoroughly, in which case I will add a
link to the in-depth review. Where possible, I’ve linked to the publishes’
website; otherwise, I’ve linked to major online retailers like Amazon, though
you may want to search around for a deal elsewhere if you can. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Most language teachers talk about four skills when it comes
to learning a language: speaking, listening, reading, and writing. Cantonese
has long been treated almost entirely as an oral language, so pedagogy has
mostly focused on speaking and listening. Reading and writing get tricky
because written colloquial Cantonese is <i>very </i>different from standard
written Chinese; the former tends to appear in online fora and contemporary
news media, while the latter is used in formal writings, official documents,
historical texts (and roughly the same as the formal written Chinese used by
Mandarin speakers in mainland China and Taiwan, if we ignore the
simplified/traditional character divide). If you do eventually want to be able
to read Chinese characters in Cantonese, then make sure to pick resources that
have characters and not just romanization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h3>
<b><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Textbooks</span></b></h3>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Cantonese learning books have been experiencing somewhat of
a renaissance of late. The books I’ve listed here are those that offer the
tools necessary for building basic Cantonese knowledge from the ground up. Once
you get the hang of the basic sounds and grammar, there are a wealth of other
books for you to explore (you can find some of them elsewhere on CantoBlog with
tags like “Intermediate Cantonese” and “Advanced Cantonese”).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">One thing to keep in mind: Cantonese textbooks often diverge
in terms of which romanization system they use, the Yale system or Jyutping.
I’ve tried to make a note where possible of which textbook uses which. However,
you should probably get comfortable with both systems at some point if you want
to be able to make use of all the books out there. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Complete-Cantonese-Beginner-Intermediate-Course/dp/1473600820/"><i>Complete
Cantonese (Formerly Teach Yourself Cantonese), by Hugh Baker and Ho Pui-Kei</i></a></span></h4>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Publisher: Teach Yourself<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Date of most recent edition: 2016<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Audio: Streams from app or online (older versions have a CD)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">The 2011 edition of this course was my first Cantonese
textbook ever way back when. It’s quite comprehensive, covering lots of major
topics you might want to know about, from shopping to moving to office
chitchat. It offers dialogs, readings, speaking exercises, and lots of cultural
explanations. Text appears with romanization, Chinese characters, and in many
cases, English translation. The extensive Chinese character offerings are by no
means universal in Cantonese textbooks, so this is a great choice if you also
hope to be able to read written Cantonese. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">It has one major weakness: it includes a seventh tone—the
high falling tone—that nearly all other modern Cantonese learning resources no
longer include, as it has mostly fallen out of use in contemporary usage (the
few places where it may still appear—like in the word <span lang="ZH-CN">㖭</span><span lang="ZH-CN"> </span>at the end
of sentences—are incredibly idiomatic and can be picked up with practice). One
Amazon reviewer suggested taking a pen to the book and changing all high
falling tones to high flat tones (as that’s how most are pronounced now). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">If you can put up with that one small inconvenience, the
book is worth it, especially now that their old CD audio files have been re-recorded
and turned into an app you can download for your smartphone or tablet. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.routledge.com/Colloquial-Cantonese-The-Complete-Course-for-Beginners/Bourgerie-Tong-James/p/book/9781138958227">Colloquial
Cantonese, by Dana Scott Bourgerie, Keith S. T. Tong, and Gregory James</a></span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Publisher: Routledge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Date of most recent edition: 2015<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Audio: MP3s available to download online, older versions
come with CDs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">This textbook is also a solid choice, with great dialogues,
listening exercises, and cultural information (like a now outdate MTR map;
those new stations keep opening up…). It keeps usage of Chinese characters to a
minimum (meaning many dialogues only appear as romanization), but it does have
little “Recognizing Chinese Character” sections for important things like
transportation, food, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">One of the excellent features of this book is that it will
explain new Cantonese vocabulary within paragraphs of English prose that offer
helpful cultural background information about Hong Kong. This casual mixing of
Cantonese and English happens a lot IRL, so it’s not too weird within the
context of the book. Overall, this is a solid choice for someone moving to Hong
Kong who cares more about speaking than ever reading extensive texts in Chinese
characters. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.routledge.com/Basic-Cantonese-A-Grammar-and-Workbook/Yip-Matthews/p/book/9780415815598">Basic
Cantonese: A Grammar and Workbook, by Virginia Yip and Stephen Matthews</a></span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Publisher: Routledge<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Date of most recent edition: 2017<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Audio: None<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Because this book offers no audio recordings, it should
really be treated as a supplement to another Cantonese course rather than a
stand-alone textbook. It is also structured around grammar—chapter titles
include “Noun classifiers,” “Adjectives,” etc.—so it really is more of a resource
for formalizing your understanding of Cantonese mechanics rather than helping
you talk about particular subjects.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">I highly recommend this book for people attempting to bring
more academic formality to their study of Cantonese. The level of linguistic
detail far exceeds many other textbooks, and the ample number of exercises
means you have plenty of opportunities to test your understanding of the rules.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">If you want Chinese characters and not just romanization,
make sure to get the 2<sup>nd</sup> edition (2017); the previous edition
provides romanization only. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.cp1897.com.hk/product_info.php?BookId=9789620705120&cl=english">Cantonese
in Communication, by the Chinese University of Hong Kong</a></span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Publisher: The Commercial Press<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Date of most recent edition: 2018<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Audio: Scan a QR code in the book to access online audio<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">If you are in Hong Kong and take Cantonese at CUHK, you will
likely use this book. CUHK is one of the epicenters of contemporary Cantonese
pedagogy in Hong Kong, so this book reflects the considerable experience of the
teachers at its publishing institution. That being said, it really is designed
for classroom use—it might not be as good for self-study.<span> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">This textbook is very methodical. Each chapter is structured
as follows: Contexts and linguistics functions; Texts (i.e. dialogues);
Vocabulary in us; Notes on language structure; Notes on pragmatic knowledge;
Contextualized speaking practice; Listening and speaking. Lessons are centered
around specific functions and tasks (e.g. touring Hong Kong, introducing
oneself) rather offering a buffet of themed vocabulary for you to mix and
match.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">This textbook does include Chinese characters, but because
it is for oral Cantonese, the stress is much more on speaking and listening
than it is on reading. If you have a teacher to speak with, I think this could
be a great book to use. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></o:p></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><b>Dictionaries</b></span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">As with the textbooks above, I’ve tried to note the
romanization method used in each of these dictionaries. When you’re just
beginning, it’s probably best that you pick a dictionary with the same
romanization method as the materials that you use. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.pleco.com/">Pleco (App)</a></span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Developer: Pleco Inc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Most recent edition: Regularly updated<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale or Jyutping <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Pleco is <i>must</i> for anyone studying Cantonese. It’s a
free app for iOS and Android that you can easily customize by downloading the
dictionaries you want (there are many, some free, some paid). For a detailed explanation of which
dictionaries to download and how to configure Cantonese to appear, check out
the CantoBlog guide <a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2019/11/how-to-make-pleco-into-cantonese-power.html">here</a>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://cup.cuhk.edu.hk/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=821&search=cantonese">English-Cantonese
Dictionary, by The Chinese University Press</a></span></i></h4>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Publisher: The Chinese University Press<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Most recent edition: 2011<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">If you like to have a paper dictionary flip through (always
great for browsing), this is a solid choice. Some of the phrases might feel a
little dated now, but it should be helpful enough for students just finding
their feet with Cantonese. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></o:p></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><b>Apps and websites</b></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Apps are a great way to tackle Cantonese learning when
you’re on the go. That being said, there aren’t as many apps for learning
Cantonese as there are for other East Asian languages; I’m still holding out
for something on the same level as Duo Lingo or Lingo Deer (the latter is
especially good for Korean, Japanese, and Mandarin).<span> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.pleco.com/">Pleco</a></span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">(See the entry above under “Dictionaries” for more details,
or go the CantoBlog <a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2019/11/how-to-make-pleco-into-cantonese-power.html">guide to Pleco</a>)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><font face="georgia, times new roman, serif" size="4"><i><b><u><a href="https://ai.glossika.com/" target="_blank">Glossika</a></u></b></i></font></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Developer: Glossika<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Platform: Desktop browser<o:p></o:p></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale and Jyutping</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">If your goal is to improve your awareness of Cantonese pronunciation and tones, I think this is one of the best self-study tools on the market. However, it doesn't explain individual vocabulary or grammar, so it should be approached as a supplement to other resources. </span><a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2020/05/glossika-cantonese-review.html" style="background-color: white; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;" target="_blank">Read the Cantoblog review</a><span style="background-color: white; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> for a longer exploration of its features. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div></div><h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://languagedrops.com/">Drops</a></span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Developer: Drops<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Platform: iOS/Android<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Jyutping<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Drops is a vocabulary-building app that supports a number of
less frequently studied languages, including Cantonese. It focuses a lot on
matching words in your target language with pictures (rather than the direct
translation in English), which is a strategy I like a lot. However, a
few caveats to be aware of:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->It focuses mostly on nouns and the occasional
verb, so use this more as a supplement to other modes of study that teach sentence construction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->The words they use in the later units are very
formal (basically standard written Chinese vocabulary pronounced in Cantonese rather
than colloquial Cantonese), so your speech might sound a bit stilted if you incorporate
some of these words into everyday conversatio. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->The app is very spotty when it comes to characters
that switch tones in certain contexts (like sixth-tone characters that become a second tone at the end of a word). The audio is usually right when the
romanization is wrong, but that still creates some confusion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.howtostudycantonese.com/">How to Study
Cantonese – Storybooks</a></span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Developer: How to Study Cantonese<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Platform: Any device that can handle Epub file format<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Yale and Jyutping<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">How to Study Cantonese is a digital publishing house that
creates picture books written in colloquial Cantonese. The prices are a bit
steep given how short the texts are, but they come with Chinese characters, both
Jyutping and Yale romanization, English translations, and audio recordings. If
you get to a point where you want to start being able to read basic prose in
Cantonese, this is a solid place to start. I’d suggest going through it repeatedly
with the audio at first in order to simulate the experience of someone reading to you.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.italki.com/">italki</a></span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Developer: italki<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Platform: Android, iOS, Desktop<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Romanization: Many<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">italki is a platform for finding private language tutors with
whom you can take electronic lessons. You buy credits through the app and spend
them on your tutor(s) of choice. Reviewers note a variety of experiences, so it
really comes down to what sort of tutor you find. If you (like most people) live in a place without access to formal Cantonese classes, this can offer you a resource for practicing your speech.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><b>Lesson centers</b></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">If you especially want to improve your Cantonese speaking,
then lessons are very helpful. Tones are <i>very</i> important in Cantonese;
having a teacher present means someone can spot-check your sense of pitch. This
is especially critical just as you are starting out.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">A lot of people who study Cantonese do so because they live
in or are moving to Hong Kong, in which case they are quite lucky—there are
plenty of places to take lessons in the S.A.R. For people elsewhere, you might
have to get a bit more creative. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">University language programs in Hong Kong</span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">The following language programs in Hong Kong offer
substantial training in Cantonese. I only have personal experience from the
CUHK program, which I liked a lot, but I know people who enjoyed other programs
as well. Also, following the COVID-19 pandemic, CUHK and other universities began offering remote classes that can be taken internationally, so try looking for one of those if possible.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.facebook.com/CLCCUHK">Yale-China
Chinese Language Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="http://www.chinese.hku.hk/main/chinese-language-centre/">Hong Kong
University</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://hkuspace.hku.hk/humanities-languages-law/chinese">Hong Kong
University School of Professional and Continuing Studies</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">University language programs in North America</span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Hong Kong remains the best place to get Cantonese language
education. However, the following university in North America also offer
Cantonese language instruction. You might have to check what course are open to
enrolled students vs. community members, and offerings are prone to change.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://learn.utoronto.ca/programs-courses/languages-and-translation/language-learning/cantonese">University
of Toronto, School of Continuing Studies</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://hksi.ubc.ca/cnto-courses/">The
University of British Columbia</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://sites.google.com/stanford.edu/cantonese/home?authuser=1">Stanford
University</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.ccsf.edu/en/educational-programs/school-and-departments/school-of-english-foreign-languages/foreign-languages/programs/chinese.html">City
College of San Francisco</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://easc.osu.edu/courses/language/chinese">Ohio State University</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://as.nyu.edu/sca/current-students/sca-courses-by-semester/asian-pacific-american-courses.html">New
York University</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<h4>
<i><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Private lessons</span></i></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">There are numerous language schools in Hong Kong that offer private
lessons, as well as tutors who work independently. Outside of Hong Kong,
offerings are probably more limited. Interested learners can try community
listings, sites like Craigslist (it’s how I found my first Mandarin in the US), or apps like italki (see under “Apps and websites”). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">When evaluating a possible teacher, I recommend writing down
<i>beforehand</i> what your concrete goals are. During your first meeting, ask
the teacher what methods they might use to help you achieve these goals.
Finding the right teacher can take time, but it can make all the difference in terms
of helping you optimize the rate at which you acquire Cantonese.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></o:p></div>
<h3>
<b><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Audio resources</span></b></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">When you’re just starting a language, it’s critical that you
get a sense for the sound. To that end, I highly recommend listening to at
least ten minutes of Cantonese audio daily, even if it’s just on in the
background while you do dishes or walk to the office. Below are various Hong
Kong radio stations with apps that let you listen from afar. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://blog.cantoblog.com/2019/09/1-cantonese-listening-tool-rthk-on-go.html">RTHK</a>
<a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rthk-on-the-go/id371680815">iOS</a>/<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=hk.rthk.fwRTHK01&hl=en_US">Android</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Commercial Radio <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/hong-kong-toolbar/id463715309">iOS</a>/<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=cn.hktool.android.action">Android</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->D100 <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/d100-radio-hk/id588656311">iOS</a>/<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=hk.d100&hl=en_US">Android</a></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></o:p></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><b>Readers</b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;">Actually reading Cantonese-specific characters is a skill that many learners choose not to work on, as most written documents and literature in Hong Kong use formal Chinese. However, a growing body of fiction, not to mention social media and fora, use written colloquial Cantonese. The following are a few books for practicing Cantonese reading, with some offering more guidance than others.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><a href="http://www.green-woodpress.com/products_detail.php?id=84">Wedding Bells: Cantonese Reading Material for Intermediate and Advanced Learners</a></i></span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><a href="http://www.green-woodpress.com/products_detail.php?id=12">A Feng Shui Master: Learning Cantonese Through Stories</a></i></span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><i><a href="https://resonate.hk/">Resonate</a></i> (Hong Kong's first colloquial Cantonese literary magazine; no English, so more for advanced learners)</span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://lihkg.com/category/1">LIHKG</a> (sort of like HK reddit, this is great reading practice; some content is questionable, so be forewarned)</span></li></ul></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br /></div>
<h3><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;">Slang </span></h3><div><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;">Once you have learned the basics of Cantonese grammar and vocabulary, you'll likely want to learn some slang. While speaking with people is a great opportunity for learning these types of words and phrases (and also learning what slang has already become old-fashioned—Cantonese changes fast!), there are also some awesome books out there for giving you a leg up. These include:</span></div><div><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://cup.cuhk.edu.hk/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=818&search=cantonese">Cantonese Colloquial Expressions 廣州話口語詞彙</a></span></li><li><span style="font-family: georgia, times new roman, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://cup.cuhk.edu.hk/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=3611&search=cantonese">A Glossary of Common Cantonese Colloquial Expressions 英譯廣州話常用口語詞彙</a></span></li><li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://www.easternbooknyc.com/product-page/%E5%9C%96%E8%A7%A3%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1%E8%A9%B1">Cantonese.jpg 圖解廣東話</a></span></li><li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.green-woodpress.com/products_detail.php?id=120">Fun with Cantonese: Colloquial Expressions</a></span></li><li><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://bookazine.com.hk/products/hong-kong-ng-interesting-canto-4">Interesting Cantonese 4: Slangs and Idioms</a></span></li></ul></div><div><b style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: x-large;"><br /></b></div><div><b style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: x-large;">Video resources</b></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Videos require more attention than the radio or music, but
the addition of subtitles (in most cases) means you’re able to make more sense
of what’s going on. Here are a few place you can visit for Cantonese video
(some require memberships).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->YouTube (various channels, but a few major ones
below)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHQoZ0_MHDXIgWeRvPTLTJw">Pomato <span lang="ZH-CN">小薯茄</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCiJnCs2K5gP-DXnMxlstC9A"><span lang="ZH-CN">毛</span><span lang="ZH-TW">記電視</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqz7Q8gOavVi_ZiGHePvLug"><span lang="ZH-TW">視電台</span></a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCgSbuhAD48A7RxbvflQfdjQ"><span lang="ZH-TW">微辣</span><span lang="ZH-TW"> </span>Manner</a></span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.nextfilm.com.hk/"><span lang="ZH-CN">一丁目</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Great for local Hong Kong documentaries and
topical news<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.rthk.hk/tv">RTHK</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://viu.tv/">ViuTV</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><a href="https://www.tvb.com/">TVB</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>·<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Foreign-based streaming platforms like Netflix, Amazon
Prime, and Crunchyroll<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><span>o<span style="font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">
</span></span><!--[endif]-->Just search for Cantonese films and TV shows</span></div>
<!--EndFragment--><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-88271433547610152232020-05-18T16:55:00.002-07:002020-07-17T09:13:53.727-07:00Glossika: Language-Learning Website with Ample Cantonese Course<b style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Site name:</span></b><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://ai.glossika.com/home" target="_blank">Glossika</a></span><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><b>UI Language</b>:</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">English</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;"></span><b style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;"><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Cost:</span></b><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Check <a href="https://ai.glossika.com/pricing" target="_blank">here</a> (at last check, monthly subscription was $30 USD and annual subscription was $299.88; however, Glossika sometimes runs 30%-off promotions, so keep an eye out for those); there is also a 7-day free trial</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, utopia, "palatino linotype", palatino, serif; font-size: 13px;" /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /><b>Cantonese romanization system(s):</b></span><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Jyutping and Yale<br /></span><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"></span></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Glossika is a language-learning website that offers more than 60 different language courses. Along with popular staples likes Spanish and Mandarin, the site offer an impressive number of courses in lesser-taught languages ranging from Latvian to Welsh to—you guessed it—Cantonese (they also offer Wenzhouese, Hokkien, and two forms of Hakka for those of you hungry for more Chinese languages). Although it has its shortcomings, the Cantonese course is incredibly thorough, providing excellent recordings of every sentence by a native speaker and idiomatic renderings of common conversational phrases. If your goal is to improve your awareness of Cantonese pronunciation and tones, I think this is one of the best self-study tools on the market. However, it doesn't explain individual vocabulary or grammar, so it should be approached as a supplement to other resources.</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Unlike so many other language-learning softwares that focus on teaching through smartphone apps, Glossika is desktop browser-based (most of its functionality still works on smartphone and tablet browsers, save for its audio recording feature). Glossika's main appeal is that it targets all four primary languages skills—speaking, listening, reading, writing—as you study. It also teaches you sentence-by-sentence rather than word-by-word, meaning the focus is on vocabulary in context. All Glossika courses are split into five difficulty levels (A1, A2, B1, B2, and C1). Over the entire Cantonese course, you can expect to encounter over 4,000 unique sentences and more than 3,500 new words. </span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">Glossika runs in two modes: "Learn New Items" and "Review." When first starting out, you'll start with "Learn New Items" in order to add sentences to your memory bank. </span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><i>Learn New Items</i></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">The system teaches you five new sentences at a time, and usually they revolve around a common topic or grammatical construction. For example, here's a set from A1 (the earliest level):</span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqa8T7kfgBFE9y4WlgmG_eTHobBO-RqUKgNCDJt9bzshmn6ri8RJeeXA3xAcXJrrIQW6pxzhTG2EnndtDdPv55sftBWWOnTtRYc2eYBX4p8gzyr3dm0urYhNF3PXMkDr56D2DaKL48H1Mk/" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><font color="#000000"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1894" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqa8T7kfgBFE9y4WlgmG_eTHobBO-RqUKgNCDJt9bzshmn6ri8RJeeXA3xAcXJrrIQW6pxzhTG2EnndtDdPv55sftBWWOnTtRYc2eYBX4p8gzyr3dm0urYhNF3PXMkDr56D2DaKL48H1Mk/w400-h225/sample+set.png" width="400" /></font></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">In the example above, the theme is forms of negation. Note that the earliest sentences you learn in A1 are often only two or three characters long, while the sentences in C1 can be quite long and complicated. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">When you learn a new sentence, you're presented with its English meaning, the traditional Chinese character rendering, the Jyutping romanization, and the Yale romanization. You'll also hear the sentence spoken aloud (you can choose whether you hear both English and Cantonese or just Cantonese, as well as the speed of the recording). Your job is then to retype the sentence using Chinese characters or one of the two romanization systems. I generally recommend typing in one of the romanization systems, as this helps you internalize the pronunciation and tone. Although typing in Jyutping or Yale can feel clunky at first (especially due to the need for a numeral at the end of each syllable to indicate the tone), after a few days I found my fingers adjusting to constantly darting up to the top row of the keyboard. </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv1gxdcIh8etaSnktE-PmF3B-mPTNrVRvZy3kvWAviJRz4NNluvZbFpYcpMeRs_LxrP7s26OlIADFN0RwrqZ_NubH0pC-oA6hrDHz5gO6MweY86dEK_Mepyo1amJLo_wBIQ4e5oNl43fAM/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><font color="#000000"><img border="0" data-original-height="1116" data-original-width="1838" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgv1gxdcIh8etaSnktE-PmF3B-mPTNrVRvZy3kvWAviJRz4NNluvZbFpYcpMeRs_LxrP7s26OlIADFN0RwrqZ_NubH0pC-oA6hrDHz5gO6MweY86dEK_Mepyo1amJLo_wBIQ4e5oNl43fAM/w400-h243/new+sentence.png" width="400" /></font></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">If you mess up the romanization at all, the text will turn red and you'll have to correct your answer before you continue. This can be frustrating at first—you'll likely forget a numeral here or there or drop a long vowel. It takes practice. Once you submit a correct response, Glossika will prompt you to record your own speaking of the sentence in question. The site stores your most recent recordings, meaning you can go to your phrase bank to check if your pronunciation is improving and compare it to the recording of the native speaker.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">After your first encounter with a term, the second encounter shows the English and Chinese character text only. That leaves you to remember what the romanization was. If you mess up, it will show the romanization again, while also adding another required "rep" to your quota before you can pass out of the round (rounds usually last 25 reps, but you can skip reps if sentences become too easy). You generally have to go through five error-free encounters with each new sentence before Glossika deems you ready to move on to a new set of five.</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><i>Review</i></span></div><font face="georgia, times new roman, serif" size="4"><span style="background-color: white;">In review mode, you'll encounter sentences you've previously studied. Reviews are spaced such that you might not be reviewing every sentence you've learned every day, but rather at a frequency optimized for drilling the sentence into your long-term memory. As your familiarity with a term improves, the review formats get harder. They include dictation (meaning you get only the audio and no visual prompt) and interpretation (meaning you get an English sentence and are encouraged to speak aloud a sentence you previously learned that roughly matches the meaning). </span></font></div><div><font face="georgia, times new roman, serif" size="4"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font face="georgia, times new roman, serif" size="4"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9t5RE2cgwQ3xt6iavdBbw_kHfiSCKbRhw4UGZpbfklo-HGG2HCOb0sBPOSHXswVy-GTWtjsffSmdlW5PHi7JjXvvxFEVLr72oavD_IEVs2rApB1vBJhDWg69t452Gy-6ziuTMj4F1FqVK/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1032" data-original-width="2046" height="201" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9t5RE2cgwQ3xt6iavdBbw_kHfiSCKbRhw4UGZpbfklo-HGG2HCOb0sBPOSHXswVy-GTWtjsffSmdlW5PHi7JjXvvxFEVLr72oavD_IEVs2rApB1vBJhDWg69t452Gy-6ziuTMj4F1FqVK/w400-h201/dictation.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-F2QP9zjfNTOUB9l7G4WpPPCbPVADPxdfTCE0uKoNF8obAxUU7LIgjzQx_vdtVnEZ4RoVGhxVwPuWj0mgDaCjGsFXFta0l6y3cyxKOmT4UQGt33zwI_QFzYQ2Lm83WNn0Ih36RrVQSmvU/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1448" data-original-width="1880" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-F2QP9zjfNTOUB9l7G4WpPPCbPVADPxdfTCE0uKoNF8obAxUU7LIgjzQx_vdtVnEZ4RoVGhxVwPuWj0mgDaCjGsFXFta0l6y3cyxKOmT4UQGt33zwI_QFzYQ2Lm83WNn0Ih36RrVQSmvU/w400-h308/interpretation.png" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">The review mode only works, however, if you're regularly interacting with Glossika. Otherwise, the number of reviews can pile up to the extent that they become slightly overwhelming. Also, because the "Learn New Items" mode cycles through sentences so quickly, you're only going to improve if you make a routine out of using both of the course's modes. Glossika recommends learning new items in the evening and then doing reviews in the morning. I prefer to start a day's session by reviewing and then transitioning into learning new content. Honestly, I think you can do whatever suits your brain best.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">One of the other nice features provided by Glossika is its progress-tracking functionality. There is a bank where you can see all the sentences you've encountered before, their renderings in the different romanizations, and your most recent recordings. A little progress bar measures how embedded the phrase is in your memory. Elsewhere, Glossika displays your total number of reps for Cantonese and the time you have spent studying it. The site will even send a progress summary to your email inbox every week to help you reflect on your progress.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0uE7VmbGzJ6B_mzJNaAYg90U0v7duvArMwZ54jeTB4nvTMBZSw9mxoey66N5GaSqsuZ931sMmiiTNyV_p6JcVSPomNnOpduj4Q6EydNC3H0I0sz9xC7dPSddDknUZuMPi0GAQ3MdXFgYm/" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="402" data-original-width="2422" height="106" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0uE7VmbGzJ6B_mzJNaAYg90U0v7duvArMwZ54jeTB4nvTMBZSw9mxoey66N5GaSqsuZ931sMmiiTNyV_p6JcVSPomNnOpduj4Q6EydNC3H0I0sz9xC7dPSddDknUZuMPi0GAQ3MdXFgYm/w640-h106/memory+bank.png" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">As mentioned earlier, Glossika does not explain grammar or vocabulary much at all. This meshes with the system's philosophy of immersion in sentences that a native speaker would feasibly say. However, I don't think I would have gotten as much out of the service if I had not already studied the fundamentals of Cantonese grammar and came in with some vocabulary knowledge. I would advise people to wait until they have studied Cantonese for at least 3-6 months before adding Glossika to their regimen.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">I love Glossika because of how thoroughly it drills pronunciation and tones into your head. By repeatedly typing out romanization of sentences, I felt like I grew more attuned to differences between short and long vowel sounds (e.g. ai vs. aai) and the contour of entire sentences. I also got much better at recognizing tone changes, one of the most difficult aspects of Cantonese; whereas Mandarin has fairly fixed instances in which a tones shift (e.g. when there are two third tones in a row), Cantonese can be frustratingly erratic. Glossika is quite accurate in reflecting Cantonese tone shifts, forcing you to internalize them as well (e.g. 話 being <i>wah</i> when used as a verb but <i>wá</i> within words for languages, like in 廣東話). It's so rare for a large language-learning platform to give much attention to Cantonese at all, making the level of detail here hugely appreciated. </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">That being said, Glossika comes with a steep price tag, and it might not be worth it to everyone. However, one subscription gets you access to all their language courses, so if you are currently working on reviewing multiple languages, I think there is a lot of value to be found in using it, especially if you are studying a language that uses another alphabet. (I have been working through the Korean course as well and found my hangul typing speed much improved.) You could also use Glossika as a gateway toward pushing your linguistic comfort zone given the huge number of languages on offer. Manx, anyone?</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></font></div><div><font face="georgia, times new roman, serif" size="4"><span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></font></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #666666; font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-2273734137634260502019-10-06T21:16:00.000-07:002019-10-19T16:47:01.264-07:00Cantonese Cheatsheet #2: Question words in Cantonese<style type="text/css">
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(Note: This is part of a continuing series of "Cheat Sheets" where I share some of the major differences I learned between Mandarin and Cantonese to help people who read the former begin to read the latter)</span></span><br />
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This post covers Cantonese words in comparison to their Mandarin equivalents. Take note of how Cantonese’s question words often slip into their own usages, evading certain differentiations seen in both English or Mandarin.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">That being said, I'll first highlight that basic yes/no and copular ("to be") questions in Cantonese are usually made with a verb-negative-verb structure and a final particle (</span><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">呀</span></span><span class="s1">) at the end of the sentence. This is a bit different from Mandarin, which can either use: (1) </span><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">嗎</span></span><span class="s1"> to change<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>a statement into a question OR (2) a verb-negative-verb structure but no </span><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">嗎</span></span><span class="s1">:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">係唔係你部電腦呀?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">是不是你的電腦?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Is it your computer?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你鍾唔鍾意呀?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你喜歡嗎?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Do you like it?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">(Note: There are cases where you can create a question in Cantonese without verb-negative-verb structures and use a final particle, but that is usually only seen in rhetorical questions like, </span><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">仲要講咩</span></span><span class="s1">? <i>Do you still need to talk?</i>)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">In general, the final particle <i>a </i>(</span><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">呀</span></span><span class="s1">) is added to questions using question words as well, though it can be swapped out for other final particles to add some tone or flare. For simplicity’s sake, I’ve restricted the example sentences below to only use <i>a</i>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">1. </span><span class="s1">邊個</span><span class="s1"> <i>bīn go</i>, </span><span class="s1">邊位</span><span class="s1"> <i>bīnwái </i>(vs. </span><span class="s1">誰</span><span class="s1">, </span><span class="s1">哪一個</span><span class="s1">)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">The default way to express “who” in Cantonese (similar to </span><span class="s1">誰</span><span class="s1"> in Mandarin) is to use <i>bīn go</i> (</span><span class="s1">邊個</span><span class="s1">).</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">佢係邊個呀</span><span class="s3">?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">她是誰?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Who is she?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">In cases where you need to be more polite (like on the telephone), <i>bīn wái </i>(</span><span class="s1">邊位</span><span class="s1">) is a suitable substitution for <i>bīn go</i>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你搵邊位呀?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">您找誰?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">With whom would you like to speak?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">Note that in the above example, Mandarin expresses politeness to the other speaker with the formal </span><span class="s1">您</span><span class="s1"><i>, </i>while Cantonese expresses politeness through the swap in question word, though whether that politeness is being directed at the other interlocutor or the person being sought after is up for debate. What matters is that while these are both stock phrases in telephone Mandarin and Cantonese that express approximate meaning, there are subtle differences to be aware of.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">However, know that <i>bīn go</i> is also the neutral way to ask “which” in cases where the noun in question uses the default measure word, </span><span class="s1">個</span><span class="s1">, functioning similarly to </span><span class="s1">哪一個</span><span class="s1"> in Mandarin.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">邊個地方呀</span><span class="s3">?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">哪一個地方?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Which place?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">However, if the noun you are referring to has a particular measure word (like </span><span class="s1">張,條,隻</span><span class="s1">, etc.), then you will need to swap out the </span><span class="s1">個</span><span class="s1"> with the appropriate measure word, as in below:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(*imagine there is a room full of cats having a play date*)</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">邊兩隻貓係你嘅呀?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">哪兩隻貓是你的?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Which two cats are yours?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">In this manner, <i>bīn go</i> can also be interpreted as “which person” when referring to assembled people rather than “who” or “whom”:</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(*you walk into a bar with your friend and there are five men sitting down*)</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">邊個係你嘅男朋友呀?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">哪一個是你的男朋友?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Which one is your boyfriend?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">2. </span><span class="s1">邊度</span><span class="s1"> <i>bīn douh </i></span><span class="s4">(</span><span class="s1">vs. </span><span class="s1">哪裏</span><span class="s1">, </span><span class="s1">哪兒</span><span class="s1">)</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><i>Bīn douh</i> is the standard “where” word in Cantonese, similar to </span><span class="s1">哪裡</span><span class="s1"> or </span><span class="s1">哪兒</span><span class="s1"><i> </i>in Mandarin. It comes up a lot following <i>hái </i>(</span><span class="s1">喺</span><span class="s1">):</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你住喺邊度呀?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">你住在哪裡?</span><span class="s3">/ </span><span class="s1">你住在哪兒?</span></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Where do you live?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
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<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Often, <i>bīn douh</i> is shortened to just <i>bīn</i> in very short, colloquial expressions.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s3">(</span><span class="s1">你</span><span class="s3">)</span><span class="s1">去邊呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s3">(</span><span class="s1">你</span><span class="s3">)</span><span class="s1">去哪裡?</span><span class="s3">/ </span><span class="s1">去哪兒?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Where are you going?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">3. </span><span class="s1">乜嘢</span><span class="s1"> <i>māt yéh</i>, </span><span class="s1">咩</span><span class="s1"> <i>mē</i> (vs. </span><span class="s1">什麼</span><span class="s1">, sometimes </span><span class="s1">誰</span><span class="s1">)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">The closest equivalent to the Mandarin </span><span class="s1">什麼</span><span class="s1"> in Cantonese is </span><span class="s1">乜嘢</span><span class="s1">, or “what”:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">呢個係乜嘢呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">這是什麼?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">What is this?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">佢做緊乜嘢呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">他在做什麼?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">What is he doing?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">When the final particle <i>làih ga </i>is added at the end of a <i>māt yéh</i> question, it can take on the meaning of “what sort of”/“what kind of” (</span><span class="s1">什麼樣的</span><span class="s1">), often with a questioning, derisive, or sarcastic tone.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">呢場係乜嘢戲嚟㗎?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">這是什麼樣的電影?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">What sort of movie is this?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><i>Māt yéh </i>is often truncated to simply <i>mē </i>(</span><span class="s1">咩</span><span class="s1">), especially for quick questions:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你講咩呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你說什麼?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">What are you saying? / What are you talking about?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">4. </span><span class="s1">點</span><span class="s1">(</span><span class="s1">樣</span><span class="s1">)<i> dím (yéung) </i></span><span class="s4">(</span><span class="s1">vs. </span><span class="s1">怎麼</span><span class="s1">)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">For “how” questions, Cantonese uses <i>dím yéung</i> (</span><span class="s1">點樣</span><span class="s1">)<i> </i>or just <i>dím </i>(</span><span class="s1">點</span><span class="s1">):</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">點樣最好學廣東話呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">怎麼最好學廣東話?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">How can one best study Cantonese? (literally, “how best study Cantonese;” in English, we might also say, “What is the best way to study Cantonese?”)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">點樣討論呢個問題呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">怎麼討論這個問題?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">How do we discuss this problem?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">And here’s an example with the truncation:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">*when asking for pedestrian directions*</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">點行呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">怎麼走?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">How does one get there (by walking)?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">5. </span><span class="s1">點解</span><span class="s1"><i> dím gáai </i>and </span><span class="s1">做乜嘢</span><span class="s1"><i> jouh māt yéh </i>(vs. </span><span class="s1">為什麼</span><span class="s1">)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">The most common way to ask “why” (</span><span class="s1">為什麼</span><span class="s1">) is to use the question word <i>dím gáai</i>. Mandarin speakers might find it helpful to break this expression further, knowing that </span><span class="s1">點</span><span class="s1"> in Cantonese function similar to </span><span class="s1">怎麼</span><span class="s1"> in Mandarin, while </span><span class="s1">解</span><span class="s1"> is a shortened form of </span><span class="s1">解釋</span><span class="s1">, or “to explain.” Thus, in asking, “Why?” a Cantonese speaker is essentially asking, “How do you explain?”</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">點解未話畀我聽呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">為什麼沒有告訴我?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Why didn’t you tell me?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">點解住喺呢度呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">為什麼住在這裡?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Why do you live here?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">However, if someone is asking (often bluntly) about purpose or intention behind a particular action, they can also use <i>jouh māt yéh </i>(</span><span class="s1">做乜嘢</span><span class="s1"><i>)</i>, which functions similarly to the colloquial </span><span class="s1">幹嗎</span><span class="s1"> in Mandarin<i>:</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你做乜嘢企喺嗰邊呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你幹嗎站在那邊?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Why are you standing there?/What are you standing there for?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你做乜嘢食我嘅沙律呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你幹嗎吃我的沙拉?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Why are you eating my salad?/What are you eating my salad for?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">6. </span><span class="s1">幾</span><span class="s1">(</span><span class="s1">多</span><span class="s1"><i>) géi dō </i>(vs. </span><span class="s1">幾)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">Here, Mandarin speakers may breathe a sigh of relief, as the question word for “how much” and “how many” questions is basically the same between the two languages. However, there is a subtle difference… Whereas in Mandarin, </span><span class="s1">幾</span><span class="s1"> is almost always followed by an appropriate measure word, in Cantonese, it is almost always followed by </span><span class="s1">多</span><span class="s1">, with an additional measure word optional:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">幾多錢呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">幾塊錢?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">How much (money) is it?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">幾多位?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">幾位?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">How many people are in your party? (at a restaurant)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">你食咗幾多</span><span class="s3">(</span><span class="s1">個</span><span class="s3">)</span><span class="s1">蘋果呀?</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">你吃了幾個蘋果?</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">How many apples did you eat?</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">----<span class="s1"></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This is just the basics of question words in Cantonese. As I mentioned above, there are many more (creative) ways to ask people for information in 廣東話, or to simply use questions as sarcastic barbs in the course of conversation. Hopefully I’ll get to cover some of that in a later post.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<div style="height: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">x</span></div>
<div style="height: 0px;">
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-13741130178119759342019-09-16T10:52:00.002-07:002019-09-16T10:52:47.412-07:00Cantonese cheatsheet #1: 5 basic ways written Cantonese differs from written Mandarin<style type="text/css">
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<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(Note: This is the first “cheatsheet” in a continuing series aimed at helping people with a foundation in Mandarin transition into reading Cantonese)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Some people I know got into Cantonese after stumbling across a Hong Kong media source or forum (*<i>cough cough*</i> <a href="https://lihkg.com/category/1">LIHKG</a>) and discovering that their existing knowledge of “<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Chinese"><span class="s2">Standard Written Chinese</span></a>” only got them so far. That’s because written vernacular Cantonese is a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>far cry from written Mandarin, employing a whole host of characters rarely seen up north. However, Mandarin readers still have a leg up over people with no character experience, as there is still a fair amount of overlap between the written colloquial forms of the two languages.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">As someone who arrived at Cantonese after studying Mandarin, a lot of my early study focused on how the two languages differ so I could keep them straight in my head. Below are are five key divergences in terms of functional use. With these, a person literate in Mandarin should be able to start making simple sentences with Cantonese-specific characters.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<span class="s1" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">1. 係 <i>haih</i> (vs. </span><span class="s3" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">是</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">)</span><br /><ol class="ol1">
</ol>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">The primary “to be” verb in Cantonese, corresponding with </span><span class="s3">是</span><span class="s1"> in Mandarin. Its primary usage is for “A is B” style constructions like below:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我係香港人</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>Ngóh haih Hēunggóng yàhn</i>.</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我是香港人</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I am a Hongkonger.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我係醫生</span><span class="s4"><i>.</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh haih yīsāng.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我是醫生</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I am a doctor.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">2. </span><span class="s1">喺 <i>hái </i>(vs. </span></span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">在</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">)</span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">This coverb functions fairly similarly to </span><span class="s3">在</span><span class="s1"> in Mandarin. However, the huge thing to pay attention to is how close the pronunciation is to </span><span class="s3">係</span><span class="s1"> (to be)—they only differ in tone. </span><span class="s3">係</span><span class="s1"> is a low flat low tone while </span><span class="s3">喺</span><span class="s1"> is a rising tone. They also differ by one radical.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我住喺香港</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh jyuh hái Hēunggóng.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我住在香港</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I live in Hong Kong.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我喺公園食飯</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh hái gūngyún sihk faahn.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我在公園吃飯</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I eat in the park.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(Note the verbs for “to eat” differ here between Cantonese and Mandarin; verb differences are a whole other can of worms and will be covered in more detail later)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">3. </span><span class="s1">唔 <i>mh`,</i> 未</span><span class="s1"><i> meih, </i>and </span></span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">冇</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><i> móuh </i>(vs. </span></span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">不</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">, 沒</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">, and 沒有</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">)</span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">Cantonese uses distinct negative adverbs from Mandarin. The first, </span><span class="s3">唔</span><span class="s1">, functions similar to </span><span class="s3">不</span><span class="s1"> in that you will generally see it before a verb or adjective. (Note that it should be romanized as a low falling tone, but some people also just write <i>m</i> or <i>mh</i>) Some examples:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我唔係法國人</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh mh` haih Faatgwok yàhn.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我不是法國人</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I am not French.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我唔識法語</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh mh` sīk Faatyúh.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我不會法語</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I don’t know French/I can’t speak French.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">Just like Cantonese has its own standard negative adverb, it also has a separate one for lacking or having not done something. Thus, we see </span><span class="s3">未</span><span class="s1"> instead of </span><span class="s3">沒</span><span class="s1">:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我未去過日本</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh meih heui gwo Yahtbún.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我沒去過日本</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I have never been to Japan.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">The one major exception comes up with the verb </span><span class="s3">有</span><span class="s1">. In that case, Cantonese has a word that efficiently blends the sounds of <i>meih</i> and <i>yáuh</i> together while also conveying the sense of “not having” in a single, genius character: </span><span class="s3">冇</span><span class="s1"> <i>móuh</i>.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我冇朋友</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh móuh pàhng yáuh.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">我沒有朋友。</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I have no friends.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">4. </span></span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">佢</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"> <i>kéuih</i>, </span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">佢</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">哋</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"> <i>kéuihdeih, </i>你</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">哋</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"> <i>néihdeih, </i>我</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">哋</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"> <i>ngóhdeih </i>(vs. 他/她/它</span><span class="s3" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">,他們,你們,我們</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">)</span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">The characters for the pronouns “I/me” (</span><span class="s3">我</span><span class="s1">) and “you” (</span><span class="s3">你</span><span class="s1">) do not differ between Mandarin and Cantonese (though you could argue Cantonese song lyrics still use the feminine </span><span class="s3">妳</span><span class="s1"> more than contemporary Mandarin does, as in the case of </span><span class="s3">《喜歡妳》</span><span class="s1">).<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/1Kwzh1c9Qc8" width="500"></iframe>
</div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">However, it’s another story with the third person when speaking about people or animals. In that case, </span><span class="s3">他</span><span class="s1">/</span><span class="s3">她</span><span class="s1">/</span><span class="s3">它</span><span class="s1"> becomes </span><span class="s3">佢</span><span class="s1"> (<i>kéuih).<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">佢又靚又高</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Kéuih yauh leng yauh gōu.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">他又帥又高</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">He is both handsome and tall.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">佢係我大哥</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Kéuih haih ngóh daaihgō.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">他是我大哥</span><span class="s4"><i>.</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">He is my big brother/boss/triad leader. (check your context!)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">(In the last example, note the lack of possessive particle between the pronoun and </span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">大哥</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">—for many close/familial relationships, a possessive particle is not obligatory.)</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">Cantonese also has its own particle for pluralizing pronouns, similar to </span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">們</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"> in Mandarin: </span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">哋</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"> (<i>deih).</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我哋唔想返屋企</span><span class="s4"><i>.</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>Ngóhdeih mh` séung fāan ūkkéi/ngūkkéi</i>.</span></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我們不想回家</span><span class="s4"><i>.</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">We don’t want to go home.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">5. </span></span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">嘅</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"> <i>ge</i>… and other measure words </span><span class="s5">(</span><span class="s1">vs. </span></span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;">的</span><span style="font-family: georgia, "times new roman", serif; font-size: large;"> and much more)</span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">In Cantonese,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span class="s3">嘅</span><span class="s1"> (<i>ge</i>) functions like </span><span class="s3">的</span><span class="s1"> when it comes to marking a general sense of possession or attaching adjectives to nouns. Some examples:</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">呢個係佢嘅</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Nī go haih kéuih ge.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">這個是她的</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This (thing) is hers.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我鍾意飲好辣嘅湯</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh jūngyi yám hóu laaht ge tōng.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我喜歡喝很辣的湯</span><span class="s4"><i>.</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">I like eating/drinking very spicy soup.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">佢唱歌嘅時候好似好開心</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Kéuih cheung gō ge sìhhauh hóuchíh hóu hōisām.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">她唱歌的時候好像很快樂</span><span class="s4"><i>.</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">She seems very happy when she sings.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"><i>However</i>, one major difference between Cantonese and Mandarin when it comes to marking possession is that for many nouns in Cantonese, you use the measures word (e.g. </span><span class="s3">對,張,部,頭,隻</span><span class="s1">, etc.) <i>instead of</i> </span><span class="s3">嘅</span><span class="s1"> (</span><span class="s3">嘅</span><span class="s1"> being there for more general usage).<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我隻貓好得意</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ngóh jek māau hóu dāk yi.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">我的貓很可愛</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">My cat is very cute.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">你間屋好大</span><span class="s4">.</span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Néih gāan ūk/ngūk hóu daaih.</span></i></span></div>
<div class="p3">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1">你的房子很大</span><span class="s4"><i>.</i></span></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Your house is very big.</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">****</span></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></div>
<div class="p1">
<span class="s1"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Anyway, this is just a starting point. Going forward, I’ll add more cheatsheets covering a wider variety of parallel structures. But I hope this helps people as they embark on reading more Cantonese texts. For those who read this and have suggestions/comments/elaborations, please share in the comments!</span></span></div>
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-47759454232145117542019-09-07T18:05:00.000-07:002019-09-07T18:06:41.573-07:00#1 Cantonese Listening Tool: RTHK On The Go<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">App name:</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">RTHK On The Go</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>App creator</b>:</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Radio Television Hong Kong</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>UI Language</b>:</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">English, Chinese (繁體)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<b><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Cost:</span></b><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Free</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Download links:</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/rthk-on-the-go/id371680815">iOS</a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=hk.rthk.fwRTHK01&hl=en_US">Android</a></span><br />
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiDmXnBgnrvZrlvn4FMa6rtE2RFQ8iBCb5YUdhlsIjVRfCQOfxNNP1T5yJ1jh50zLJcufanXgsgo1Kz5Y3TytB_OT5kKski60_YqHxekBNeaF29t_LHuJvS3-njAMgxFY3Xztpx-oWq9sP/s1600/RTHK1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="898" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiDmXnBgnrvZrlvn4FMa6rtE2RFQ8iBCb5YUdhlsIjVRfCQOfxNNP1T5yJ1jh50zLJcufanXgsgo1Kz5Y3TytB_OT5kKski60_YqHxekBNeaF29t_LHuJvS3-njAMgxFY3Xztpx-oWq9sP/s320/RTHK1.jpg" width="179" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">According to a foreign professor I met in Hong Kong, a true test of a person's Cantonese is whether they can listen to the RTHK morning traffic report and give accurate commute recommendations based on what they heard. It's certainly a creative metric for fluency, though perhaps a little incomplete. I think you should also be able to listen to one of the morning shows (e.g., </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">瘋show快活人</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">) and give an accurate summary of the latest celebrity gossip. But to each their own...</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">RTHK stands for Radio Television Hong Kong, and it has been a major source of news and entertainment in Hong Kong since 1928, operating seven radio channels (though one is mostly a stream of China National Radio) and three TV channels (though one is just a live stream of CCTV1). RTHK On The Go, which is available on both iOS and Android, allows for easy streaming of RTHK Radio's seven stations.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD-9P4qcn800RLJQuIblZMiIE9ejwLohQOeqt2KaV9e-rzAFbUdMXg5b17T7TYL9XSewgQBDsLZokeMx06U0YZdce03z48INFthtsPa7JKujmSd3oK9AL5UJvlIP5YOMCztzkPcTavR5a8/s1600/RTHK2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="960" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD-9P4qcn800RLJQuIblZMiIE9ejwLohQOeqt2KaV9e-rzAFbUdMXg5b17T7TYL9XSewgQBDsLZokeMx06U0YZdce03z48INFthtsPa7JKujmSd3oK9AL5UJvlIP5YOMCztzkPcTavR5a8/s320/RTHK2.jpg" width="192" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>Above</i>: RTHK On The Go station selection screen</span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Some language pedagogy experts say you need to be exposed to a high volume of auditory input in a target language before you really grasp its sounds and syntax (credit to <a href="http://www.spongemind.org/">Spongemind</a>, a bilingual podcast for Korean and English learners, for bringing this to my attention). RTHK On The Go can certainly get you there without you ever having to set foot in Hong Kong (though I recommend you go). Y</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">ou can just leave it playing in the background while you cook, exercise, whatever, and you have a steady stream of Cantonese content. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">There is incredible diversity of programming across the RTHK stations, ranging from news briefs to talk shows to Cantonese opera performances. These expose you to a variety of accents and voices, which is important if you are only used to the sound of your textbook CDs or Cantonese teacher. My favorite moments are when listeners call in—sometimes an 8-year-old with a cute story of domestic conflict, sometimes an 80-year-old man wishing a friend happy birthday—and you get a brief look into the life of a Hongkonger you've never met. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">RTHK radio offers an additional challenge (opportunity?) for Mandarin speakers in that there are ample instances of celebrity interviews with people from mainland China or Taiwan who can understand Cantonese but not speak it, resulting in trans-lingual dialogues that keep you on your toes. These get more confusing when there are roundtable discussions between three Cantonese speakers, two Mandarin speakers, and a random person who switches in between. But if you can keep up, kudos to you—you're two thirds of the way toward living a Wong Kar-wai film (you need to pick up Shanghainese to reach 100%). </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">For those with political matters on their mind, RTHK does a fairly strong job of bringing in perspectives from all sides of the Hong Kong political spectrum. Indeed, despite receiving public funding, it is not entirely a shill for the establishment. It also offers programming in English (as well as other minority languages in Hong Kong, like Hindi), meaning if your Cantonese listening is only getting you 50% of the message, there are other segments that can give you important news and cultural information in a language you prefer.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">My favorite RTHK programs (mostly on RTHK 2):</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">瘋show快活人</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Gimme5</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">自己人</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Albert Au</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">(other program suggestions are greatly appreciated!)</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-24500086201683420502019-09-02T14:46:00.000-07:002019-09-02T15:59:21.905-07:00Interesting Cantonese: A Basic Introduction to Cantonese<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCfDQGcREbylDnCEbkGDaE_SptTJ1GvGheiJ5AvRPUQhnAUYL7B8WmZ8LY3C2eCf80McT5AVRMRDu3Pxq3u6WsGOK4gsLLLy547NZi004n2obv7pjGzVOx9kMeNEFarnnqYapJECbka43I/s1600/Interesting+Cantonese1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1128" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCfDQGcREbylDnCEbkGDaE_SptTJ1GvGheiJ5AvRPUQhnAUYL7B8WmZ8LY3C2eCf80McT5AVRMRDu3Pxq3u6WsGOK4gsLLLy547NZi004n2obv7pjGzVOx9kMeNEFarnnqYapJECbka43I/s400/Interesting+Cantonese1.jpg" width="281" /></span></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Title: </b></span><br />
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Interesting Cantonese<br /><br /><b>Author:</b></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Susanna Ng<br /><br /><b>Publisher:</b> </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Ming Man Publications Limited (Hong Kong)<br /><br /><b>Date published</b>: </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">First edition came out in 2005, but many since then<br /><br /><b>Cantonese romanization method:</b> </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Yale<br /><br /><b>Sticker price</b>: </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">$225 HKD </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><b>Audio format:</b></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">CDs<br /><br /><b>What this book is good for</b>: </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Building vocabulary, learning common phrases</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">This book is ubiquitous in English-language bookstores across Hong Kong, and for good reason. With over 3,000 vocabulary words and expressions, it is a thorough catalog of Cantonese required for everyday life. </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">The book labels itself as "For Beginner & Intermedia Level," though it doesn't really offer any of sort of graduated curriculum that helps you build sentences or ideas of increasing complexity. Instead, it covers phrases and words thematically, beginning with "Daily Conversation," moving on to "Interesting Cantonese," and finishing with "Improve Your Cantonese." An appendix titled "Names of Places in Hong Kong" is very helpful for anyone wanting to improve their ability to give directions or communicate with cab drivers.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoGrXYOQHGHnREBYQG6TDpIX0U8PtULSH-U7OwtSC30rCrhZ518gPAcvdDYpSQydVYJbwDyH8CJTlu8qMAdKPsF7dX67E6IhBFY3ObpBjErmpQ1oIikxyk39891XnwvOdG15_JFmShoQRd/s1600/Interesting+Cantonese+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="968" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoGrXYOQHGHnREBYQG6TDpIX0U8PtULSH-U7OwtSC30rCrhZ518gPAcvdDYpSQydVYJbwDyH8CJTlu8qMAdKPsF7dX67E6IhBFY3ObpBjErmpQ1oIikxyk39891XnwvOdG15_JFmShoQRd/s320/Interesting+Cantonese+2.jpg" width="193" /></span></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Each part is split into further chapters, with "Daily Conversation" being the most diverse in terms of topics, such as Eating, Drinking, Money, Transport, Time, etc. Improve Your Cantonese actually deals head-on with grammatical issues like verbs, tenses, etc. but more through lists than through gradual introductions of sentence structures. For example, the verb chapter is really a list of standalone verbs, each one followed by an example sentence in English, the romanized form of the Cantonese, and then the Chinese characters.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">For example, on page 230:</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>Sé</i></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>寫</i></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>I write down your name.</i></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>Ngóh sé dāi néih go méng.</i></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><i>我寫低你個名。</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-size: large;">One amazing aspect of the book is the 4 CDs it provides (though you need to have a CD drive, of course). The CDs include recordings of <b>ALL </b>the Cantonese vocabulary and phrases in the books, making for an excellent repository of spoken Cantonese. However, the English translations are not read aloud, so if you are listening to this while you drive or work out, you are listening more for sound acquisition than for pairing meanings between languages; for the latter, you need to be looking at the book as you listen.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">I find <i>Interesting Cantonese</i> to be a solid reference material for people who either want to learn some quick phrases (the first and second parts of the book) or for those who already know basic sentence structures and want to plug in new vocabulary (part three of the book). </span><span style="font-size: large;">However, it lacks the series of dialogues or reading passages you might look for in a well-rounded primer in an intro language curriculum. The book could also use an index</span><span style="font-size: large;">, as it can be difficult to rediscover entries you only vaguely remember. </span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-6893918326796549202019-09-02T13:56:00.002-07:002019-09-02T15:19:44.014-07:005-Way Hong Kong Dictionary: The Hong Kong Polyglot’s Dream<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5o_nRlYJtBOfyQtHQ7fNWdLOSWcqjMXGwXb6UL3t0sovdeMTI579-FVYN3T7u9z1iRGgoCGTjpIdGjNVnSLI8jYSXGtPz2M75xJH4SgD2a5EjPajTDxVbzTxn31h4PSWM-kz-dP-wngTI/s1600/5_way_dictionary1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1234" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5o_nRlYJtBOfyQtHQ7fNWdLOSWcqjMXGwXb6UL3t0sovdeMTI579-FVYN3T7u9z1iRGgoCGTjpIdGjNVnSLI8jYSXGtPz2M75xJH4SgD2a5EjPajTDxVbzTxn31h4PSWM-kz-dP-wngTI/s320/5_way_dictionary1.jpg" width="246" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">廣普日韓英 圖解生活辭典 香港篇 (Cantonese/Mandarin/Japanese/Korean/English Picture Dictionary, Hong Kong Version; note that some pages say title is 字典 instead of 辭典) <br /><br /><b>Editor: </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">林珮琦 (Catherine Lin) <br /><br /><b>Publisher: </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">SOW Publishing Ltd., Hong Kong <br /><br /><b>Date published: </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">2016 <br /><br /><b>Cantonese romanization method: </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Jyutping <br /><br /><b>Sticker price: </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">$290 HKD <br /><br /><b>What this book is good for: </b></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;">Building vocabulary <br /><br />I love this book. Here is a resource that not only contains a wealth of Cantonese vocabulary, but if you study/speak any of the other four languages listed in the title (Mandarin, Japanese, Korean, or English), it also helps you learn Hong Kong-specific terms in those languages as well. <br /><br />Note that since this is a dictionary, it is not the best standalone resource for learning the Cantonese language—there aren’t explanations of the grammar, romanization, or final particles. This should be bought as a supplement to another book or Cantonese course, or just as something fun to flip through or find flashcard inspiration. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhchKiat_8S9VClJ9LzoLc5JyJ6b3hs1kli9DrdFu5q0oPndMRK2PaAVIpVVyOi859W8NpxP_ADGGro1CYH_gbsSXz_CyVjchYmD8co3bJS0dNo8n2gqeVTUfu4JTRb0KDT3uBm5Zkgo48y/s1600/5_way_dictionary2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1096" data-original-width="1600" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhchKiat_8S9VClJ9LzoLc5JyJ6b3hs1kli9DrdFu5q0oPndMRK2PaAVIpVVyOi859W8NpxP_ADGGro1CYH_gbsSXz_CyVjchYmD8co3bJS0dNo8n2gqeVTUfu4JTRb0KDT3uBm5Zkgo48y/s320/5_way_dictionary2.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br />The book organizes vocabulary into five units: Basic, Living in Hong Kong, Shopping in Hong Kong, Eating in Hong Kong, and Having Fun in Hong Kong. While the majority of the entries are focused on standalone words (e.g. Antacid, Yau Tong MTR, pork liver), there is also a handy assortment of stock phrases and sentences (“Could you give me a discount?”—> <i>Yau5 mou5 dak1 peng4 di1 a3?</i>). <br /><br />As alluded to earlier, the Hong Kong-specific vocabulary is incredibly useful for anyone living in the SAR. Of great use is the food section (with individual pictures) articulating everything from fermented and salted soybean to various varieties of dim sum. There is also a handy list of MTR stations, though since the book was published in 2016, it is missing newer stations, particularly those on the South Island Line. <br /><br />Mandarin speakers who grew up or studied in mainland China will get additional use out of the book’s use of </span><span style="font-size: large;">simplified characters for Mandarin listings and </span><span style="font-size: large;">traditional characters for Cantonese. This makes navigating Hong Kong signage much easier, while also drawing attention to the notable differences between Cantonese and Mandarin usage (e.g. 對 vs. 双 as the appropriate measure word for items that exist in a pair). </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwl8_nBfh6qrpkuWXKhYbdmiRK49o2QuM32TfebPgExYkIN-8WD1rfU1GGkDpS72N-j19iJwe65s4RDccdlsLT-hhtzTWlGSxtslwxRU_GuEpQxl9HI6_QZ2uszmCeTWQbkAcLcPGb-IXy/s1600/IMG_6169.HEIC" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1115" data-original-width="1600" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwl8_nBfh6qrpkuWXKhYbdmiRK49o2QuM32TfebPgExYkIN-8WD1rfU1GGkDpS72N-j19iJwe65s4RDccdlsLT-hhtzTWlGSxtslwxRU_GuEpQxl9HI6_QZ2uszmCeTWQbkAcLcPGb-IXy/s320/IMG_6169.HEIC" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<br />The book markets a companion product known as a “MyVoice” smart pen (智慧筆 in the Chinese-only marketing material). I have not tried this, but apparently the pen pronounces all five languages used in this book. It also has a recording function that allows you to listen to your own voice upon playback so you can adjust your pronunciation. It sounds nice, though I think you can achieve a similar effect by combining the (free) <a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/google-translate/id414706506">Google Translator</a> smartphone app with a voice memo app on your smartphone. <br /><br />I noticed a few small typos in the English (e.g. “Perface” instead of “Preface”) and an unusual choice of measure word in the Korean, but I don’t think they detract from the overall product. Slightly more frustrating is that the index in the back only has a Jyutping iteration, making it hard to look up words by English/Mandarin/Japanese/Korean—for those, you basically need to have a vague sense of where a term might fit into a given unit. </span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3184540389053741833.post-69166749726907162042019-09-02T13:37:00.001-07:002019-09-02T15:42:55.545-07:00The Hong Kong Internet Compendium (香港網絡大典)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtdxsI05dZlOluI2cFoUCnplAgr-T_ZDjOiSHfhoX4A2iHnpYr3e7WgsrP1R7sFhjwHRLfOxQWVS7Bs5tqPJq0rs0t6qqXJz1rJPArtnJvy9iJixkmsFNlthJAA9BoInEupLsfKDEfKVOq/s1600/%25E9%25A6%2599%25E6%25B8%25AF%25E7%25B6%25B2%25E7%25B5%25A1%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E5%2585%25B8.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1426" data-original-width="1410" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtdxsI05dZlOluI2cFoUCnplAgr-T_ZDjOiSHfhoX4A2iHnpYr3e7WgsrP1R7sFhjwHRLfOxQWVS7Bs5tqPJq0rs0t6qqXJz1rJPArtnJvy9iJixkmsFNlthJAA9BoInEupLsfKDEfKVOq/s320/%25E9%25A6%2599%25E6%25B8%25AF%25E7%25B6%25B2%25E7%25B5%25A1%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E5%2585%25B8.png" width="316" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">香港網絡大典 (Rough translation: The Hong Kong Internet Compendium)</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><a href="https://evchk.wikia.org/zh/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%A0%81">https://evchk.wikia.org/zh/wiki/首頁</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">Formal written Chinese, with slangy Cantonese mixed in; limited English</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">香港網絡大典 (<i>Hēu</i><i>ng góng móhng lok daaih dín</i>) is your #1 destination for explanations of Hong Kong internet culture. Found a confusing Pikachu meme without context? <a href="https://evchk.wikia.org/zh/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%8D%A1%E8%B6%85">You're covered</a>. Keep encountering pop culture references to some dude named Edison Chen? <a href="https://evchk.wikia.org/zh/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%86%A0%E5%B8%8C">Read on</a>. For all those people digging into the meme-dense space that is LIHKG, this is a great resource.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">香港網絡大典 is mostly written in formal written Chinese (as opposed to written colloquial Cantonese), meaning it should be accessible to most people literate in traditional characters (run it through a <a href="https://www.chinese-tools.com/tools/converter-tradsimp.html">character converter</a> if you desire simplified). If you do not read Chinese, you can try Google Translate, but the results may be interesting. </span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">Because this is a Wiki, you are getting crowd-sourced information. That means there may be some inaccuracies from time to time, but overall the info conveys impressive depth. There are meme repositories, video clips, and plenty of other elements to help widen your exposure to a Hong Kong perspective on the World Wide Web.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">For instance, check out <a href="https://evchk.wikia.org/zh/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3">the page on 大時代</a> (<i>Daaih sìh doih; </i>a.k.a <i>The Greed of Man</i>), one of the greatest television dramas ever (I am only slightly editorializing). Whereas the Wikipedia entry on the show will just talk about the synopsis, cast, etc., 香港網絡大典 is more concerned with the pop culture and meme implications of the show. Thus, we have a nice gallery of classic lines from famed actor Kong Ngai (江毅):</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRRmL_Q_-CJFeAKsXl_aNHGaKMyYh1nxC0Xmm3dsz9_MqCH2htBQ41YleFTet-9i0cnBM6QOV6Mf116Lqxr42VXwbv3MFCfGyoRJlYOuMngC4611W0xLo9KaxEHxe2-tpyQ4W7N184FOFr/s1600/%25E6%25B1%259F%25E6%25AF%2585.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1486" data-original-width="1424" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRRmL_Q_-CJFeAKsXl_aNHGaKMyYh1nxC0Xmm3dsz9_MqCH2htBQ41YleFTet-9i0cnBM6QOV6Mf116Lqxr42VXwbv3MFCfGyoRJlYOuMngC4611W0xLo9KaxEHxe2-tpyQ4W7N184FOFr/s320/%25E6%25B1%259F%25E6%25AF%2585.png" width="306" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;">As well as some fun history about when the 2015 late-night rerun of the show (which prominently features a stock market crash) coincided with a drop in the Hang Seng, further confirming the "<a href="https://news.mingpao.com/ins/%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f/article/20150420/s00002/1429518464352/%e4%b8%81%e8%9f%b9%e6%95%88%e6%87%89%e9%9c%87%e6%95%a3%e4%ba%9e%e6%b4%b2-%e6%81%92%e6%8c%87%e6%9c%80%e5%a4%9a%e8%b7%8c%e8%bf%91700%e9%bb%9e">Ding Hai Effect/丁蟹效應</a>":</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLQM14DZLMdT4K44beoobV3EDHcOgglDVisykbI_Vf2uHRfqqp8BYipyGSNg7Ld51_baUn4iURanGELu6895ULpwrz20h2DUFFGt3Fai2UhejL1AbmriG_IkZlcDBRWKcscfEugetDsieU/s1600/Hang+Seng.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1106" data-original-width="1436" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLQM14DZLMdT4K44beoobV3EDHcOgglDVisykbI_Vf2uHRfqqp8BYipyGSNg7Ld51_baUn4iURanGELu6895ULpwrz20h2DUFFGt3Fai2UhejL1AbmriG_IkZlcDBRWKcscfEugetDsieU/s320/Hang+Seng.png" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-size: large;">Overall, </span><span style="font-size: large;">香港網絡大典 may not be the best tool for Cantonese beginners, but it is a great place to explore if you are eager for cultural context. If you want to be at the cutting edge of what is happening, I recommend the <a href="https://evchk.wikia.org/zh/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B">trending news page</a> (新聞動態):</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK3VupgKoco6PARDgLQyHWKPv8wUqSyYHbZ8ocTGqmKLxLgV_2xx-Ad97mZIeRcvAtVggCYtoHxAXN1AB-5L0xwwuMxlQUpN-GV9t0OAM0KSYKg2wFbGphmoPLLChjxRCQYC7su6KjIJVV/s1600/%25E6%2596%25B0%25E8%2581%259E%25E5%258B%2595%25E6%2585%258B.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1125" data-original-width="1600" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK3VupgKoco6PARDgLQyHWKPv8wUqSyYHbZ8ocTGqmKLxLgV_2xx-Ad97mZIeRcvAtVggCYtoHxAXN1AB-5L0xwwuMxlQUpN-GV9t0OAM0KSYKg2wFbGphmoPLLChjxRCQYC7su6KjIJVV/s320/%25E6%2596%25B0%25E8%2581%259E%25E5%258B%2595%25E6%2585%258B.png" width="320" /></span></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-size: large;">There you will find summaries of current events in Hong Kong with handy links to relevant reference pages. It is incredibly helpful if you are tracking timelines of Hong Kong social movements.</span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com